Some properties ofU(1)gaugedQ-balls

Abstract

In this paper we examine the properties of U (1) gauged Q-balls in two models with different scalar field potentials. The obtained results demonstrate that in the general case U (1) gauged Q-balls possess properties, which differ considerably from those of Q-balls in the nongauged case with the same forms of the scalar field potential. In particular, it is shown that in some cases the charge of U (1) gauged Q-ball can be bounded from above, whereas it is not so for the corresponding nongauged Q-ball. Our conclusions are supported both by analytical considerations and numerical calculations.

Problem with classical stability of U(1) gauged Q-balls

“…where U(r) and S(r) are defined by (12). From here and below the terms like ∂ i a i or ∂ i f a i should be considered as …”

“…Later such a theory was examined in the well-known paper [4]. One can also recall papers [5][6][7], where gauged Q-balls 1 were examined mainly from a theoretical point of view, as well as papers [8][9][10][11][12][13][14], where solutions for gauged Q-ball were obtained numerically. Stability of such nontopological soliton solutions, in particular, the classical stability, is an important problem.…”

Radiative corrections and instability of large Q-balls

“…For example, gravitational coupling and electric charge also produce constraints on the charge. These effects were discussed in [16,18,27,30]. As we have mentioned in the introduction, model with flat direction potential originally was considered in the framework of MSSM and now has implementations in cosmology.…”

“…which has generalization for gauged Q-balls [26,27] . We have mentioned that property because it is crucial for cross-checks, especially for numerical analysis.…”

“…We suppose that both φ and χ are charged only on global U(1) group because there are serious restrictions on gauged Q-balls [15,[26][27][28].…”