Some Physiological Aspects of Audiogenic Seizures in Rats

Lindsley, Donald B.; Finger, Frank W.; Henry, Charles E.

doi:10.1152/jn.1942.5.3.185

Cited by 52 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…A corollary mechanism associated with the effects of anoxia may also have contributed to reduced postictal susceptibility. It has been well established that interference with body movements by physical restraint is followed by reduced susceptibility to audiogenic seizures (BureS, 1963;Cain & Naquet, 1950;Frings & Frings, 1952;Griffiths, 1953;Lindsley, Finger, & Henry, 1942;Michels & Sevan, 1952;Willott, 1974). Such protection from seizures is probably related to interference with movement-induced sensory feedback which could influence neural activity responsible for seizures (Willott, 1974), although the occurrence of acidosis can not be ruled out as a possible contributing factor (Wagman, Note 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of anoxia and noise-induced hearing loss in the postictal refractory period for audiogenic seizures in mice.

Willott¹,

Henry²

1976

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of anoxia and noise-induced hearing loss in the postictal refractory period for audiogenic seizures in mice.

Willott¹,

Henry²

1976

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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“…They confirm and extend the findings that sensory stimuli can inhibit or attenuate seizure activity in human patients (Efron 1956, Henner 1963, Jung 1963, Servit et al 1963 or in animals. Sensory stimuli disrupt epileptic activity produced by aluminum oxide applied to the intralaminar nucleus (Guerrero-Figueroa et al 1963) or hippocampus (Guerrero-Figueroa et al 1966), by penicillin applied to the center median thalamic nucleus (Atzev 1963), by strychnine applied to the cortex (Lairy -Bounes et al 1952), by auditory stimulation (BureS 1953, Lindsley et al 1943) and by electroconvulsive shock De Luca 1969, Pinel 1971). Pinel and Chorover (1972) studied blockage by various types of sensory stimulation of epileptiform discharges produced in rats by chlorambucil i.p., and found that those stimuli producing the longest periods of cortical asynchrony were the same stimuli that produced the greatest blockage af epileptiform activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockage of Highly‐stable “Kindled” Seizures in Rats by Antecedent Footshock

1973

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Goddard (1967) and Goddard et al. (1969) applied daily bipolar electrical stimulation to the brains of rats, the strength of the current too low to produce a behavioral response. With time, stimulus-induced epileptic activity appeared at many but not all electrode sites, and developed progressively until eventually each stimulation reliably produced a bilateral, clonic convulsion. The number of stimulations essential to kindle motor seizures decreased as the interval between stimulations approached 24 hr, massed stimulation being largely ineffective. Racine (1972a, b) reported that, in addition to accentuating motor seizures, daily electrical stimulation lowered the threshold of after-discharge. The two effects were independent in that stimulation could reduce the threshold of after-discharge without affecting kindling ; however, the number of after-discharges evoked appeared to be the most important single factor in determining the number of stimulations required to kindle motor seizures.Kindled seizures may provide a valuable model to study experimental epilepsy, since daily localized electrical stimulation of the brain allows experimental control of the parameters of the stimulus, the site stimulated, and the time of onset of the seizure.Previous investigators, more interested in the kindling process itself, have not studied systematically the stability of individual animals that have been kindled to exhibit full motor seizures. If each animal displays seizures with the same behavioral and electrographic features, the effects even of those variables that have only a subtle effect on seizure activity could be gauged. Consequently, the initial aim of the experiments reported here was to determine whether highly stable kindled seizures can be produced in rats.

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“…In the fist place it is an old clinical empirism, known ever since the time of Galenus and described in detail by Jackson and other authors, that certain motor manoeuvres of the patient combined with strong sensitive atrerence can arrest the development of a fit, A strong biologically significant stimulus also proved effective in experiments (8,31,45). In the fist place it is an old clinical empirism, known ever since the time of Galenus and described in detail by Jackson and other authors, that certain motor manoeuvres of the patient combined with strong sensitive atrerence can arrest the development of a fit, A strong biologically significant stimulus also proved effective in experiments (8,31,45).…”

Section: J ~Tercmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What justifies our assumption about the existence of these defence mechanisms? In the fist place it is an old clinical empirism, known ever since the time of Galenus and described in detail by Jackson and other authors, that certain motor manoeuvres of the patient combined with strong sensitive atrerence can arrest the development of a fit, A strong biologically significant stimulus also proved effective in experiments (8,31,45). Seizure susceptibility can be modified by a permanent diminution of the afference from important receptors, e.g.…”

Section: J ~Tercmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Reflex Epilepsy (Audiogenic Epilepsy)

Sterc

1962

Epilepsia

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SUMMARY Some basic questions and the results attained in our laboratory within the last five years are discussed. One of the most common experimental models of reflex epilepsy is the audiogenic epilepsy of rats. In its analysis we have concentrated our attention on the three main epileptogenic factors: stimulus, focus and paroxysmal susceptibility. We have produced epileptogenic foci by alumina cream in the auditory and motor cortical areas, in the colliculus inferior and in the amygdala. The results showed a close functional parallel between manifestations of these foci and the behaviour of naturally epileptic rats. By the method of conditioned reflexes the changes of functional state of the acoustic analyzor were studied during the latent period of the seizure and the sequelae of the seizures were analyzed. The course of the seizure was studied by EEG examination, by analysis of the symptomatology and by testing the temporal changes of paroxysmal susceptibility. RÉSUMÉ Discussion de quelques questions fondamentales et des résultats obtenus dans notre laboratoire au cours des cinq dernières années. L'CARuri des types expérimentaux les plus communs d'carépilepsie réflexe est l'carépilepsie audiogénique des rats. Nous avons, dans cette analyse, concentré toute notre attention sur les trois facteurs épileptogènes principaux: stimulus, foyer et susceptibilité paroxystique. Nous avons provoqué des foyers épileptogènes par de la crème d'alumine placée dans les régions corticales auditives et mo trices, dans les tubercules quadrijumeaux inférieurs et dans les amygdales. Les résultats ont démontré un étroit parallélisme fonctionnel entre les manifestations de ces foyers et le comportement de rats naturellement épileptiques. Les changements de l'carétat fonctionnel de l'caranalyseur auditif ont étéétudiés pendant la période latente des crises par la méthode des réflexes conditionnés; les séquelles des attaques ont été analysées. Le cours des crises a étéétudié au moyen d'examens d'EEG, de l'caranalyse de la symptomatologie et du test des changements temporaux de la susceptibilité paroxystique.

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Some Physiological Aspects of Audiogenic Seizures in Rats

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Roles of anoxia and noise-induced hearing loss in the postictal refractory period for audiogenic seizures in mice.

Roles of anoxia and noise-induced hearing loss in the postictal refractory period for audiogenic seizures in mice.

Blockage of Highly‐stable “Kindled” Seizures in Rats by Antecedent Footshock

Experimental Reflex Epilepsy (Audiogenic Epilepsy)

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