Some pharmacological effects of Tityus obscurus venom in rats and mice

Santos-da-Silva, Andria de Paula; Cândido, Denise M.; Nencioni, Ana Leonor Abrahão; Kimura, Louise F.; Prezotto-Neto, José Pedro; Barbaro, Kátia Cristina; Chalkidis, Hipócrates de Menezes; Dorce, Valquíria Abrão Coronado

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.12.008

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…obscurus venom has lower toxicity (LD 50 = 3.13 mg/kg) than T . serrulatus (LD 50 = 0.99 mg/kg), but it can induce lethal activity [ 77 ]. The symptoms and behavioral effects in mice and rats were more intense at higher doses, but the envenoming in mice was less severe and non-convulsive compared to T .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The symptoms and behavioral effects in mice and rats were more intense at higher doses, but the envenoming in mice was less severe and non-convulsive compared to T . serrulatus [ 77 ]. The lower similarity of T .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T . obscurus venom can cause lung damage characterized by the presence of red blood cells in the parenchyma [ 77 ]. The metalloproteinases found in this venom could contribute to these effects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proteomic endorsed transcriptomic profiles of venom glands from Tityus obscurus and T. serrulatus scorpions

et al. 2018

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BackgroundExcept for the northern region, where the Amazonian black scorpion, T. obscurus, represents the predominant and most medically relevant scorpion species, Tityus serrulatus, the Brazilian yellow scorpion, is widely distributed throughout Brazil, causing most envenoming and fatalities due to scorpion sting. In order to evaluate and compare the diversity of venom components of Tityus obscurus and T. serrulatus, we performed a transcriptomic investigation of the telsons (venom glands) corroborated by a shotgun proteomic analysis of the venom from the two species.ResultsThe putative venom components represented 11.4% and 16.7% of the total gene expression for T. obscurus and T. serrulatus, respectively. Transcriptome and proteome data revealed high abundance of metalloproteinases sequences followed by sodium and potassium channel toxins, making the toxin core of the venom. The phylogenetic analysis of metalloproteinases from T. obscurus and T. serrulatus suggested an intraspecific gene expansion, as we previously observed for T. bahiensis, indicating that this enzyme may be under evolutionary pressure for diversification. We also identified several putative venom components such as anionic peptides, antimicrobial peptides, bradykinin-potentiating peptide, cysteine rich protein, serine proteinases, cathepsins, angiotensin-converting enzyme, endothelin-converting enzyme and chymotrypsin like protein, proteinases inhibitors, phospholipases and hyaluronidases.ConclusionThe present work shows that the venom composition of these two allopatric species of Tityus are considerably similar in terms of the major classes of proteins produced and secreted, although their individual toxin sequences are considerably divergent. These differences at amino acid level may reflect in different epitopes for the same protein classes in each species, explaining the basis for the poor recognition of T. obscurus venom by the antiserum raised against other species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proteomic endorsed transcriptomic profiles of venom glands from Tityus obscurus and T. serrulatus scorpions

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“…It was also demonstrated that this venom causes hemorrhagic patches in the lung parenchyma, but it does not lead to pulmonary edema when intraperitoneally injected into rats, and promotes a decrease in the general activity without inducing convulsions neither hippocampal neuronal loss. In mice, it induces edematogenic and moderate nociceptive activity [ 144 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Brazilian scorpion venoms on the central nervous system

Nencioni

Beraldo-Neto

Freitas

et al. 2018

J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis

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In Brazil, the scorpion species responsible for most severe incidents belong to the Tityus genus and, among this group, T. serrulatus, T. bahiensis, T. stigmurus and T. obscurus are the most dangerous ones. Other species such as T. metuendus, T. silvestres, T. brazilae, T. confluens, T. costatus, T. fasciolatus and T. neglectus are also found in the country, but the incidence and severity of accidents caused by them are lower. The main effects caused by scorpion venoms – such as myocardial damage, cardiac arrhythmias, pulmonary edema and shock – are mainly due to the release of mediators from the autonomic nervous system. On the other hand, some evidence show the participation of the central nervous system and inflammatory response in the process. The participation of the central nervous system in envenoming has always been questioned. Some authors claim that the central effects would be a consequence of peripheral stimulation and would be the result, not the cause, of the envenoming process. Because, they say, at least in adult individuals, the venom would be unable to cross the blood-brain barrier. In contrast, there is some evidence showing the direct participation of the central nervous system in the envenoming process. This review summarizes the major findings on the effects of Brazilian scorpion venoms on the central nervous system, both clinically and experimentally. Most of the studies have been performed with T. serrulatus and T. bahiensis. Little information is available regarding the other Brazilian Tityus species.

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“…In addition, some publications have reported severe health problems following scorpion stinging; Torrez et al [5] reported 58 accidents presumably caused by T. obscurus in the Brazilian Amazon, with symptoms such as cerebellar ataxia, dysdiadochokinesia, dysmetry, dysarthria, nausea and vomiting in most patients; cardiomyopathy is also frequently reported [4,6]. Apparently, the venom from T. obscurus is less toxic than that of T. serratus but is still able to cause lethality in mice, as well other typical effects of Tityus venoms with reduced intensities [7]. The biochemical characterization of some toxins of this venom are focused on classical approaches of neurotoxins acting on sodium and/or potassium channels [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling the short, linear, non-disulfide bond-containing peptidome from the venom of the scorpion Tityus obscurus

Dias

Souza

Cocchi

et al. 2018

Journal of Proteomics

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The scorpion Tityus obscurus causes many envenoming accidents of medical importance in Brazilian Amazon region; despite to this, very few is known about the toxinology of this animal. The knowledge about the venom composition and mechanisms of action is very important to understand the physiopathology processes related to the envenoming caused by this animal. The proteopeptidomic investigations of scorpion venoms in general have focused mainly the neurotoxins (which are disulfide bonds containing peptides) and large proteins. The short, linear, non-disulfide bonds containing peptides (NDBPs) represent up to 5% of scorpion venom compositions; however, they have been few investigated in comparison with the neurotoxins. The present study used a mass spectrometric approach to detect 320 NDBPs and to sequence 27 of them; pharmacological assays permitted to characterize 13 NDBPs as novel toxins involved with inflammation, pain and edema formation.

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Some pharmacological effects of Tityus obscurus venom in rats and mice

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

Proteomic endorsed transcriptomic profiles of venom glands from Tityus obscurus and T. serrulatus scorpions

Proteomic endorsed transcriptomic profiles of venom glands from Tityus obscurus and T. serrulatus scorpions

Effects of Brazilian scorpion venoms on the central nervous system

Profiling the short, linear, non-disulfide bond-containing peptidome from the venom of the scorpion Tityus obscurus

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