Some Pharmacognostic Studies of the Bird Cherry (Padus avium Mill.) and Mountain Ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) Fruits Collected from Moscow (Russia)

Abstract

Background: Light microscopic analysis is appropriate pharmacopoeial method for quality control of fresh and fast-frozen Rosaceae family plants fruits. It is widely used for crude herbal drugs analysis and helps to identify significant anatomical and diagnostic signs. The aim of the research was to establish the identity characteristics of the dried and frozen fruits of mountain ash and bird cherry and to perform phytochemical analysis of studied objects harvested in Moscow. Materials and methods: Light microscopic analysis was used for Rosaceae fruits identity estimation. The fruits of mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) and bird cherry (Padus avium Mill.) were collected in the fruiting phase on the territory of the Botanical Garden of Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University. Fruits samples were dried at the temperature of 60-80°C and frozen at the temperature of-18-20°C. The epidermis surface preparation and the fruit pulp squash preparation were prepared for microscopic examination. The photographs were obtained from an AXIO IMAGER D1 biological laboratory microscope (Carl Zeiss Microscopy) with the help of a Canon Power shot A 650 IS camera. The elemental composition of the P. avium and S. aucuparia fruits was determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XFA) using an S4 Pioneer X-ray spectrometer. Simple sugar analysis was performed by using reverse phase HPLC with refractometric detection, analysis of organic acids-by using ion-pair HPLC with UV-detection (210 nm) in the isocratic elution mode (Agilent 1260 Infinity LC). Results: Characteristic signs of the anatomical structure of dried and frozen S. aucuparia, P. avium fruits were determined. Diagnostic anatomical signs of S. aucuparia, P. avium fruits are: the form of epidermal cells, stone cells, inclusions of calcium oxalate (prismatic crystals and druses), vessels, parenchyma with biologically active substances (anthocyanins, carotenoids).

The Influence of Temperature, Storage Conditions, pH, and Ionic Strength on the Antioxidant Activity and Color Parameters of Rowan Berry Extracts

“…Sergunova and Bocov [14] reported that the profile of organic acids in rowan fruits consists of the following acids: malic, citric, oxalic, succinic, tartaric, ascorbic, fumaric, quinic, and sorbic. Other authors have also shown that malic and citric acids reach significant amounts in the fruits of this species-2854.4 mg/kg and 1089.7 mg/kg respectively [15].…”

Phytochemical, nutritional and antioxidant characteristics of whitebeam (Sorbus aria) fruits

“…Interestingly, our results for glucose and fructose, as well as for total sugar content (6.36 g/100 g fw), were comparable to those in other studies on forest fruits, such as bird cherry (Padus avium Mill. ), mountain-ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) (Sergunova and Bokov, 2019), blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) (Sikora et al, 2013), some Sorbus cultivar (Zymone et al, 2018), blueberry (Akšić et al, 2019), blackberry, strawberry, wild-grown elderberry and goji berry (Mikulic-Petkovsek et al, 2012). Sweetness Index -SI was 11.08, while TSI was 7.52 (Table 1).…”