Some Perceptual Correlates of Institutionalization

Silverman, Julian; Berg, Paul S. D.; Kantor, Robert

doi:10.1097/00005053-196512000-00004

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Seidman et al (2003) interpreted these results as indicating that the structure and stability of permanent housing improves cognitive functioning in general among seriously mentally ill people and that executive functioning is affected by the amount of structure in the environment, such that living alone can actually worsen it. These results extend earlier findings that living in an impoverished environment (e.g., prison) is associated with deterioration in basic cognitive functions (Silverman et al 1966). The implications of such studies are that cognitive ability is affected by many factors, including environmental and treatment setting factors that are typically ignored, not accounted for in interpretations of other study data, or at least not fully made use of, in the cognitive treatment of schizophrenia.…”

Section: Effects Of Structured Psychosocialsupporting

confidence: 90%

At Issue: The Future of Cognitive Rehabilitation of Schizophrenia

Silverstein

Wilkniss

2004

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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Cognitive rehabilitation is becoming an increasingly popular intervention in treatment programs for people with schizophrenia. Despite this increased acceptance, however, the evidence base on its effectiveness is not impressive. Moreover, given the evidence of cognitive recovery in treated patients who do not receive cognitive rehabilitation--from newer medications and from other evidence-based psychosocial interventions--it is not clear whether cognitive rehabilitation is worth its expense in time and resources. We believe that the slow progress in the field of cognitive rehabilitation of schizophrenia is related to failure to address several critical issues: (1) the importance of manipulating stimulus and context structure in rehabilitative interventions; (2) the need to base a cognitive rehabilitation of schizophrenia on cognitive neuroscience as opposed to neuropsychology; (3) the importance of systematically addressing motivation, self-esteem, and affective factors when designing cognition-enhancing interventions; (4) the need to move beyond one-size-fits-all interventions and develop individualized treatments; and (5) the need to address abnormalities in the experience of the self when designing interventions to optimize cognitive and behavioral performance. Suggestions for addressing these issues are discussed.

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Section: Effects Of Structured Psychosocialsupporting

confidence: 90%

At Issue: The Future of Cognitive Rehabilitation of Schizophrenia

Silverstein

Wilkniss

2004

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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“…The observed parallels with depression are consistent with earlier reports of inmate reactions (Haney, Banks, & Zimbardo, 1973), with processes generally attributable to institutionalization (Silverman, Berg, & Kantor, 1965) and with the sense of helplessness observed among the economically and politically disadvantaged (Seligman, 1975;Ransford, 1968).…”

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confidence: 89%

Race Factors in Responses to Interpersonal Stress Among Young Adult Offenders

Perry

Hokanson²

1977

Correctional Psychologist

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“…For instance, deficits have been found in the maintenance of perceptual constancies (Weckowitz & Blewet, 1959;Weckowitz, Sommer, &Hall, 1958). Differences between schizophrenics and normals have been found in susceptibility to the Muller-Lyer (Kar, 1967;Siegel, 1954) and Titchener (Silverman, Berg, & Kantor, 1966) illusions. Results of these studies and associated methodological problems have been reviewed by Cromwell (1972) and Zimet and Fishman (1970).…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Perceptual Laws in the Rorschach Test

Vizcarro-Guarch¹,

Fernández-Ballesteros²,

Fernandez-Trespalacios³

1987

J. of Personality Assessment

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The purpose of this study is twofold: to ascertain the perceptual deficits in schizophrenic subjects and to test the assumption that the Rorschach is mainly a perceptual task. Forty-eight subjects participated in the study, distributed in six groups of eight subjects each: normals, affective disorders, and four groups of schizophrenics (chronic paranoid, chronic nonparanoid, acute paranoid, and acute nonparanoid). They were given a perceptual test developed by Fernández-Trespalacios, Bermudez, and Luna (1979). Contrary to previous findings, no differences in the perceptual test were found among the groups. In the second part of the study, a group of schizophrenic subjects was given the Rorschach and the perceptual test in a balanced order. Subsequently, subjects in the experimental group were trained in the perceptual laws they had failed. Comparison of the Rorschach protocols obtained before and after this training failed to show any significant differences in the expected direction, thus questioning the perceptual nature of this test. Interestingly, an increase in negative categories of the Rorschach subsequent to the perceptual training was observed.

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Some Perceptual Correlates of Institutionalization

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

At Issue: The Future of Cognitive Rehabilitation of Schizophrenia

At Issue: The Future of Cognitive Rehabilitation of Schizophrenia

Race Factors in Responses to Interpersonal Stress Among Young Adult Offenders

The Role of Perceptual Laws in the Rorschach Test

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