‘Some people expect women should always be dependent’: Indian women’s experiences as highly skilled migrants

Abstract

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Does gender matter? Gender talent migration and its implication for talent management

“…Highlyskilled female migrants, who migrate with their families, are often unable to complete specific Talent management to overcome gender migration bureaucratic arrangements related to migration in time due to their additional burden of being mothers and wives (Iredale, 2005;Kõu and Bailey, 2017). Hence, opportunities for employment for highly-skilled men and women may also differ, in particular due to cases of gender discrimination (Kõu and Bailey, 2017). As such, migration may result in deskilling and even quitting career development for women.…”

“…Yet, the gender dimension of brain drain is mostly disregarded (Dumont et al , 2007) and highly-skilled female migrants' experiences are underinvestigated (Donato et al , 2006). Migration studies often defined women as tied movers who migrate following their spouses (Bonney and Love, 1991; Kõu and Bailey, 2017), emphasizing their status as mothers and wives rather than quality specialists and professionals (Shinozaki, 2014). Additionally, the immigration policies of developed countries sometimes overlook the specificities of career development of highly-skilled female migrants who may have the additional burden of being mothers and wives, thus making it more difficult for them to complete all the bureaucratic arrangements and apply for a job that is appropriate for their skills (Iredale, 2005; Webb, 2015).…”

“…Additionally, the immigration policies of developed countries sometimes overlook the specificities of career development of highly-skilled female migrants who may have the additional burden of being mothers and wives, thus making it more difficult for them to complete all the bureaucratic arrangements and apply for a job that is appropriate for their skills (Iredale, 2005; Webb, 2015). Thus, female migrants may end up in a more disadvantageous position relative to male migrants, which emphasizes female migrants as tied movers (Iredale, 2005; Kõu and Bailey, 2017) and reinforces gender stereotypes (Shinozaki, 2014). Those stereotypes and gender discrimination affect labor participation and the career advancement of highly-skilled female migrants (Webb, 2015).…”

“…However, women in migration literature have been considered usually as tied movers who follow their husbands rather than independent migrants who migrate following their own career and migration intentions (Kõu and Bailey, 2017; Webb, 2015). In turn, these gender stereotypes and cases of discrimination affect labor participation and the career advancement of highly-skilled female migrants (Webb, 2015).…”

What Determines the Entrepreneurial Intentions of Highly-Skilled Women with Refugee Experience? An Empirical Analysis in the Context of Sweden

“…Thus, we argue that highly-skilled people with refugee experience having worked in more employment prone sectors-such as teaching or healthcare-are less likely to have entrepreneurial intentions. On the contrary, men are much more likely to be seen as prone to self-employment (Kõu and Bailey 2017).…”