Some Penalties of Promiscuity

Marshall, Janice M.

doi:10.1177/003591577506800413

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…Since the solar wind (SW) is a collisionless plasma, the heliospheric shocks are also collisionless. Marshall [1955] realized that purely resistive dissipation mechanisms cannot sustain collisionless shocks when their Mach number exceeds some critical value M c . Sagdeev [1966] suggested that particle acceleration and reflection at the shock surface could be an efficient mechanism to dissipate the kinetic energy of the incoming SW.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Observations of Irregular Surface of Interplanetary Shocks at Ion Scales by Cluster

Kajdič

Preisser

Blanco‐Cano

et al. 2019

ApJL

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We present the first observational evidence of the irregular surface of interplanetary (IP) shocks by using multi-spacecraft observations of the Cluster mission. In total we discuss observations of four IP shocks that exhibit moderate Alfvénic Mach numbers (M A ≤6.5). Three of them are high-β shocks with upstream β = 2.2-3.7. During the times when these shocks were observed, the Cluster spacecraft formed constellations with inter-spacecraft separations ranging from less than one upstream ion inertial length (d i ) up to 100 d i . Expressed in kilometers, the distances ranged between 38 km and ∼10 4 km. We show that magnetic field profiles and the local shock normals of observed shocks are very similar when the spacecraft are of the order of one d i apart, but are strikingly different when the distances increase to ten or more d i . We interpret these differences to be due to the irregular surface of IP shocks and discuss possible causes for such irregularity. We strengthen our interpretation by comparing observed shock profiles with profiles of simulated shocks. The latter had similar characteristics (M A , θ BN , upstream ion β) as observed shocks and the profiles were obtained at separations across the simulation domain equivalent to the Cluster inter-spacecraft distances.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%