Some Pathways of Energy Metabolism Are Cold Adapted in Antarctic Fishes

Crockett, Elizabeth L.; Sidell, Bruce D.

doi:10.1086/physzool.63.3.30156223

Cited by 159 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In ectothermic animals long-term temperature shifts may cause compensatory changes in glycolytic and mitochondrial enzyme levels and capacities (Crockett and Sidell 1990;Torres and Somero 1988;Lannig et al 2003). These findings are consistent with our present data (Figs.…”

Section: Effects Of Temperature On Mitochondrial Enzymessupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Furthermore, enhanced enzyme activities are found in cold adapted as well as in cold acclimated animals (Crockett and Sidell 1990;Sokolova and Po¨rtner 2001;Kawall et al 2002;Lannig et al 2003). Besides enhanced mitochondrial densities, an increase in total organ size has also been reported to compensate for the effects of low temperatures (Kent et al 1988 (liver and heart); Seddon and Prosser 1997 (liver); Lannig et al 2003 (liver)).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerobic mitochondrial capacities in Antarctic and temperate eelpout (Zoarcidae) subjected to warm versus cold acclimation

2005

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Capacities and effects of cold or warm acclimation were investigated in two zoarcid species from the North Sea (Zoarces viviparus) and the Antarctic (Pachycara brachycephalum) by investigating temperature dependent mitochondrial respiration and activities of citrate synthase (CS) and NADP + -dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) in the liver. Antarctic eelpout were acclimated to 5°C and 0°C (controls) for at least 10 months, whereas boreal eelpout, Z. viviparus (North Sea) were acclimated to 5°C and to 10°C (controls). Liver sizes were found to be increased in both species in the cold, with a concomitant rise in liver mitochondrial protein content. As a result, total liver state III rates were elevated in both cold-versus and warm-exposed P. brachycephalum and Z. viviparus, with the highest rates in boreal eelpout acclimated to 5°C. CS and IDH activities in the total liver were similar in Z. viviparus acclimated to 5°C and 10°C, but decreased in those warm acclimated versus control P. brachycephalum. Enzyme capacities in the total liver were higher in eelpout from Antarctica than those from the North Sea. In conclusion, cold compensation of aerobic capacities in the liver seems to be linked to an increase in organ size with unchanged specific mitochondrial protein content. Despite its life in permanently cold climate, P. brachycephalum was able to reduce liver aerobic capacities in warm climate and thus, displayed a capacity for temperature acclimation.

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Section: Effects Of Temperature On Mitochondrial Enzymessupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic mitochondrial capacities in Antarctic and temperate eelpout (Zoarcidae) subjected to warm versus cold acclimation

2005

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“…As outlined above, a rise in aerobic capacity permits maintenance of cell functions in the cold (for review Guderley, 1998;Pörtner et al, , 2001. Associated processes are rising enzyme capacities (Crockett and Sidell, 1990;Guderley, 1990;Lannig et al, 2003), increased mitochondrial or capillary densities (Sisson and Sidell, 1987;Guderley and Blier, 1988;Ressel, 2001), changes in mitochondrial structure (Gaebel and Roots, 1989;St.-Pierre et al, 1998) and/or alterations in membrane composition (Miranda and Hazel, 1996;Logue et al, 2000). Mitochondrial densities are found esp.…”

Section: Trade-offs In Thermal Adaptation Setting Functional Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen limited thermal tolerance in fish?

Pörtner

Mark

Bock

2004

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

105

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In various phyla of marine invertebrates limited capacities of both ventilatory and circulatory performance were found to set the borders of the thermal tolerance window with limitations in aerobic scope and onset of hypoxia as a first line of sensitivity to both cold and warm temperature extremes. The hypothesis of oxygen limited thermal tolerance has recently been investigated in fish using a combination of non-invasive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methodology with invasive techniques. In contrast to observations in marine invertebrates arterial oxygen tensions in fish were independent of temperature, while venous oxygen tensions displayed a thermal optimum. As the fish heart relies on venous oxygen supply, limited cardio-circulatory capacity is concluded to set the first level of thermal intolerance in fish. Nonetheless, maximized ventilatory capacity is seen to support circulation in maintaining the width of thermal tolerance windows. The interdependent setting of low and high tolerance limits is interpreted to result from trade-offs between optimized tissue functional capacity and baseline oxygen demand and energy turnover co-determined by the adjustment of mitochondrial densities and functional properties to a species-specific temperature range. At temperature extremes, systemic hypoxia will elicit metabolic depression, thereby widening the thermal window transiently sustained especially in those species preadapted to hypoxic environments.

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“…Since this was started by Krogh (1916), followed by Scholander (1953) and Wohlschlag (1960), the Metabolic Cold Adaptation (MCA) theory has gained support among some authors (Torres and Somero, 1988a, b;Crockett and Sidell, 1990;Pörtner et al, 2000;Pörtner, 2002), and generated disagreement among others (Holeton,SCI. MAR., SCIENTIA MARINA…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of temperature, habitat and body mass on routine metabolic rates of Subantarctic teleosts

Vanella¹,

Calvo²

2005

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY: Subantarctic notothenioids are exposed to wider variations in temperature than those encountered in the Antarctic Ocean, the ancestral environment of the group. In this study the influence of temperature on the routine metabolic rate of Subantarctic teleosts was described and the results were compared with routine metabolic rates of species with different geographical distributions, exploring the concept of Metabolic Cold Adaptation (MCA). Oxygen consumption (VO 2R ) was determined as an estimate of the routine metabolic rate for the following Subantarctic notothenioids: Paranotothenia magellanica, Patagonotothen sima, Eleginops maclovinus, Harpagifer bispinis and the eelpout Austrolycus depressiceps. In all studied species and tested temperatures, body mass and VO 2R showed a positive correlation. A drop in the temperature from 10 to 2ºC produced a significant reduction of VO 2R values with a Q 10 (10-2) varying between 4.69 and 9.54. VO 2R values were related to species habitat: pelagic species reached the highest values of VO 2R , while sluggish species had the lowest ones. We can conclude that the metabolic rates of these species of Subantarctic fish do not show MCA at the investigated temperatures.

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Some Pathways of Energy Metabolism Are Cold Adapted in Antarctic Fishes

Cited by 159 publications

References 20 publications

Aerobic mitochondrial capacities in Antarctic and temperate eelpout (Zoarcidae) subjected to warm versus cold acclimation

Aerobic mitochondrial capacities in Antarctic and temperate eelpout (Zoarcidae) subjected to warm versus cold acclimation

Oxygen limited thermal tolerance in fish?

Influence of temperature, habitat and body mass on routine metabolic rates of Subantarctic teleosts

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