Some Observations on DNA Content and Cell and Nuclear Volume Growth in the Developing Xylem Cells of Certain Higher Plants

List, Albert

doi:10.2307/2440148

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The data of Figure 8C show a striking quantitative agreement with many data from different plant species, such as developing xylem cells of monocotyledonous roots (List, 1963), pea (Pisum sativum) cotyledon cells (Lemontey et al, 2000), Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) epidermal pavement cells (Melaragno et al, 1993), and maize endosperm cells (Leiva-Neto et al, 2004). In these studies, the reported cell size and MCV values fit with the first part (MCV below 20) of the regression curve of Figure 8C (data not shown), which strongly supports the relevance of the correlation between ploidy and cell size.…”

Section: Endoreduplication Occurs To Various Extents In Different Frusupporting

confidence: 84%

“…A similar result was reported for maize (Zea mays) endosperm (Larkins et al, 2001;Dilkes et al, 2002) and in older reports (Buvat, 1965). The complexity of ploidy profiles in given tissues suggests discrete endogenous regulations within tissues, with cell age probably playing an influential role (List, 1963;Melaragno et al, 1993).…”

Section: Endoreduplication Occurs To Various Extents In Different Frusupporting

confidence: 80%

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Cell Expansion and Endoreduplication Show a Large Genetic Variability in Pericarp and Contribute Strongly to Tomato Fruit Growth

et al. 2005

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Postanthesis growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) as of many types of fruit relies on cell division and cell expansion, so that some of the largest cells to be found in plants occur in fleshy fruit. Endoreduplication is known to occur in such materials, which suggests its involvement in cell expansion, although no data have demonstrated this hypothesis as yet. We have analyzed pattern formation, cell size, and ploidy in tomato fruit pericarp. A first set of data was collected in one cherry tomato line throughout fruit development. A second set of data was obtained from 20 tomato lines displaying a large weight range in fruit, which were compared as ovaries at anthesis and as fully grown fruit at breaker stage. A remarkable conservation of pericarp pattern, including cell layer number and cell size, is observed in all of the 20 tomato lines at anthesis, whereas large variations of growth occur afterward. A strong, positive correlation, combining development and genetic diversity, is demonstrated between mean cell size and ploidy, which holds for mean cell diameters from 10 to 350 mm (i.e. a 32,000-times volume variation) and for mean ploidy levels from 3 to 80 C. Fruit weight appears also significantly correlated with cell size and ploidy. These data provide a framework of pericarp patterning and growth. They strongly suggest the quantitative importance of polyploidy-associated cell expansion as a determinant of fruit weight in tomato.

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Section: Endoreduplication Occurs To Various Extents In Different Frusupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Endoreduplication Occurs To Various Extents In Different Frusupporting

confidence: 80%

Cell Expansion and Endoreduplication Show a Large Genetic Variability in Pericarp and Contribute Strongly to Tomato Fruit Growth

et al. 2005

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“…Permanent cells, so-called cells at resting stage, have frequently over 4C DNA value showing endopolyploidy in somatic tissues of higher plants (Tschermak-Woess 1956List 1963;Nagl 1967Nagl ,1976Barlow 1975). We found that the guard cells of Spinacia oleracea had 2C DNA value uniformly, while the endopolyploidy was found frequently in the somatic tissues of this plant (Gentcheff and Gustaf sson 1939).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…On the contrary, epidermal cells had 2C, 4C and 8C DNA value in both leaf blade and cotyledonary leaf, and 2C, 4C, 8C and 16C in hypocotyl. With regard to DNA content, it may be considered that the guard cells are set up in a non-DNA-replicative state, while the epidermal cells in an endopolyploidal DNA-replicative state.Permanent cells, so-called cells at resting stage, have frequently over 4C DNA value showing endopolyploidy in somatic tissues of higher plants (Tschermak-Woess 1956List 1963;Nagl 1967Nagl ,1976Barlow 1975). We found that the guard cells of Spinacia oleracea had 2C DNA value uniformly, while the endopolyploidy was found frequently in the somatic tissues of this plant (Gentcheff and Gustaf sson 1939).…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

Non-DNA-replicative setting of guard cells in Spinacia oleracea L.

Tanaka

Nishibayashi

1982

The Japanese journal of genetics

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Nuclear DNA content in the guard cells and epidermal cells of Spinacia oleracea L. was measured using Feulgen microspectrophotometry.Guard cells in leaf blade, cotyledonary leaf and hypocotyl retained a constancy of 2C DNA value. On the contrary, epidermal cells had 2C, 4C and 8C DNA value in both leaf blade and cotyledonary leaf, and 2C, 4C, 8C and 16C in hypocotyl. With regard to DNA content, it may be considered that the guard cells are set up in a non-DNA-replicative state, while the epidermal cells in an endopolyploidal DNA-replicative state.Permanent cells, so-called cells at resting stage, have frequently over 4C DNA value showing endopolyploidy in somatic tissues of higher plants (Tschermak-Woess 1956List 1963;Nagl 1967Nagl ,1976Barlow 1975). We found that the guard cells of Spinacia oleracea had 2C DNA value uniformly, while the endopolyploidy was found frequently in the somatic tissues of this plant (Gentcheff and Gustaf sson 1939). The present paper deals with this result.A cultivar `Ujo' of Spinacia oleracea L. was used. The guard cells and epidermal cells (common cells of epidermis) which were observed and measured for DNA content were picked from the mature leaf blades (about 20 cm long) and the cotyledonary leaves and hypocotyls of young seedlings.Pieces of each organ were fixed in a mixture of ethanol and acetic acid (3:1) at 5°C for 12-24 hr. Staining was performed by Feulgen's nuclear reaction method. The materials were hydrolized in 1N HCl at 60°C for 8 min. Only epidermis was stripped off from each Feulgen stained piece of organ and then placed on quartz slide, and mounted in glycerine water under quartz cover slip.The DNA content of nucleus was measured using double beam microspectrophotometer (Olympus DMSP II) and was calculated by the method of Takei and Tanaka (1974) as follows. A wave length of 561 nm was used. After measuring of absorbance value, the absorbance value was substituted by arbitrary unit for DNA content per nucleus. The classes of nuclear DNA 652 R. TANAKA and S. NISHIBAYASHI content were determined by the comparison of the DNA content of telophase daughter nuclei in the apical meristem of the shoot which was stained simultaneously with the materials. Nuclear DNA content was measured in 50 guard cells, 100 epidermal cells and 30 telophase nuclei in each region of materials.The epidermal tissues of foliage leaves, flowers, stems and young seedlings were examined to observe the presence or absence of the guard cells of the stomata. Among the epidermal tissues the guard cells were observed only in leaf blades, cotyledonary leaves and hypocotyls.In all of the epidermal tissues the nuclei of guard cells were ovoid-shaped

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“…Secondly, in some species an increase in nuclear DNA content accompanies the maturation of xylem elements. List (15) observed that the nuclei of differentiating metaxylem elements in the roots of Zea frequently attained amounts of DNA up to 32 times the normal diploid level. Although there is little direct evidence for or against the hypothesis that auxin regulates xylogenesis by controlling DNA synthesis, a number of studies have shown that cell proliferation can be stimulated in intact or wounded plants by auxin application (1,9,11,17,(20)(21)(22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Time Course of Xylem Differentiation and Its Relation to Deoxyribonucleic Acid Synthesis in Cultured Coleus Stem Segments

Fosket¹

1970

Plant Physiol.

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The relationship between DNA synthesis and wound xylem differentiation was investigated in cultured stem segments of Coleus blumei. The addition of 50 micrograms of indoleacetic acid per liter to the culture medium resulted in a 400 to 500% increase in the number of wound vessel members formed in 7 days. However, the time course of wound vessel member formation was similar in segments cultured in the presence and absence of auxin. In either case, no wound vessel members appeared before the 3rd day of culture, while the majority of wound vessel members appeared on the 4th and 5th days of culture. 3H-Thymidine incorporation into DNA was used to measure changes in the DNA synthetic activity of the tissues during the culture period.Comparatively little 3H-thymidine incorporation occurred during the 1st day of culture. Maximum 3H-thymidine incorporation was observed on the 2nd day of culture, 2 days before the peak period of xylem differentiation. The rate of incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA decreased with increasing time in culture after the 2nd day. Auxin at 50 micrograms per liter had no effect on the time course of 'H-thymidine incorporation, although somewhat more 3H-thymidine was incorporated into DNA throughout the culture period in the presence of auxin. The magnitude of this effect was small when compared to the effect of auxin on xylem differentiation. The antimetabolite 5-fluorodeoxyuridine was shown to block DNA synthesis in the cultured stem segments. When the tissues were isolated on media containing 10-. M 5-fluorodeoxyuridine, wound vessel member differentiation was inhibited by approximately 80%, in both the presence and absence of auxin. Thymidine at 104 M completely overcame the 5-fluorodeoxyuridine inhibition of wound vessel member formation. 5-Fluorodeoxyuridine was effective in blocking xylogenesis only when this substance was supplied to the tissues during the early part of the culture period. 5-Fluorodeoxyuridine had no effect on xylem differentiation when it was applied after the 3rd day of culture.

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Some Observations on DNA Content and Cell and Nuclear Volume Growth in the Developing Xylem Cells of Certain Higher Plants

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Cell Expansion and Endoreduplication Show a Large Genetic Variability in Pericarp and Contribute Strongly to Tomato Fruit Growth

Cell Expansion and Endoreduplication Show a Large Genetic Variability in Pericarp and Contribute Strongly to Tomato Fruit Growth

Non-DNA-replicative setting of guard cells in Spinacia oleracea L.

The Time Course of Xylem Differentiation and Its Relation to Deoxyribonucleic Acid Synthesis in Cultured Coleus Stem Segments

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