Some Observations of the Atomizing Characteristics of Air-Blast Atomizers

Effects of Fuel Specification and Additives on Soot Formation.

“…Techniques (1) to (4) and (10) to (12) are based solely on scattering. For absorbing particles, a second technique is available --extinction.…”

“…To summarize, one may regard the scattered light to be a function of the scatterer diameter d, wavelength A, extinction coefficient k, scattering angle e , polarization angle * , and incident beam intensity IL such that i s f (d, A, K, 0, *, 1 L , (12) where the functional relationship can be recovered from Equations (2) and (3 The beauty of the intensity ratio techniques is that the range of their applications is the only limitation, unlike particle-size interferometry where the fringe size is a serious limitation to smaller particles.…”

Ongoing Development of a Low Emission Axisymmetric Annular Vortex Combustor for an Industrial Gas Turbine

“…Solar principally uses airblast atomization for liquid fuels. The air momentum entering the gas turbine combustor must therefore be sufficient to provide good fuel atomization (7,8). The allowable pressure loss, which will ensure good fuel atomization, is usually in excess of three percent.…”

“…For liquid fuels, there was no similar assurance of a lack of pressure dependency, as obtained with gas, because of the significant effects of high air pressure on fuel atomization and evaporation (7). It was believed that, by designing a combustor to provide the best possible conditions for liquid fuel breakup and evaporation at atmospheric pressure, a lack of air pressure dependency might be demonstrated.…”