Some Nutritional Aspects of Reproduction in Prairie Nesting Pintails

Krapu, Gary L.; Swanson, George A.

doi:10.2307/3800479

Cited by 91 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Further, increased waterfowl numbers have been reported in glyphosatetreated wetlands in South Dakota (Higgins and Solberg 1993) and North Dakota (Linz et al 1996). These birds, particularly dabbling ducks and ducklings, may have exploited the flourishing populations of invertebrates that resulted from opening the wetlands (Krapu and Swanson 1975).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of invertebrates to glyphosate-induced habitat alterations in wetlands

Linz¹,

Bleier

Overland

et al. 1999

Wetlands

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Wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region of eastern North Dakota, USA are often overgrown with cattails (Typha spp), providing habitat for crop-depredating blackbirds and impeding use by waterfowl. One and two years post-treatment (1992 and 1993), we assessed the response of invertebrates to a catastrophic reduction in cattail coverage caused by glyphosate, a herbicide apptied to about 14,000 ha of North Dakota's wetlands since 1991. Numbers of Crustacea, Hydracarina, O1igochaeta, Copepoda, Ostracoda, and Cladocera were similar between treated and reference wetlands (P > 0.10), while abundance of Gastropoda was greater in the treated wetlands (P = 0.10). Insect abundance was greater in treated wetlands (P < 0.01), with activity traps yielding highest numbers in July. Corixidae and Chironomidae were more abundant in treated wetlands (P < 0.10), whereas Chaoboridae was consistently more plentiful in the reference wetlands (P = 0.05). Our results suggest that populations of some aquatic invertebrates may be enhanced by a reduction in cattail coverage with glyphosate-based herbicide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of invertebrates to glyphosate-induced habitat alterations in wetlands

Linz¹,

Bleier

Overland

et al. 1999

Wetlands

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“…Availability of carbohydrate-rich plant foods is believed to influence the rate of lipid deposition in some ducks in late winter (Heitmeyer 1985, Miller 1986a, thereby possibly influencing the amount of nutrients available for reproduction (Krapu 1981) and survival (Haramis et al 1986, Conroy et al i989). Aquatic invertebrates form a substantial portion of the winter diet of dabbling ducks (Connelly and Chesemore 1980, Heitmeyer 1985, Euliss and Harris 1987 and provide a major source of essential amino acids (Krapu and Swanson 1975). Whether diet shifts are motivated by nutrition or food availability is unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between waterfowl nutrition and condition on agricultural drainwater ponds in the Tulare Basin, California: Waterfowl body composition

Euliss

Jarvis

Gilmer³

1997

Wetlands

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We examined carcass composition and proximate food composition of ruddy ducks (Oxyura jamaicensis), northern shovelers (Anas clypeata), and northern pintails (Anas acuta) wintering on agricultural drainwater ponds in California during 1983-84. Lipids varied seasonally in northern shovelers and northern pintails. Protein did not fluctuate except in ruddy ducks whose protein mass increased over winter, suggesting that some protein was catabolized prior to at-rival on wintering areas or that a buildup of protein occurred prior to spring migration. Waterfowl diets varied among species and time, but the nutritional composition of the diets was relatively stable. Ruddy ducks and shovelers consumed mostly animal foods rich in protein (53-60%) and low in Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE)(I-7%). Pintail diets contained more NFE (23-38%) and less protein (14-38%) because of greater consumption of plant foods. Nutritional composition of pintail diets varied with lower protein consumption occurring from November through January.

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“…Among these and other potential prey, probably only fairy shrimp and large cladocerans occur at densities high enough to account for the high rates of prey delivery (over 300 prey per 10-minute period) observed by loons subsurface dabbling in open water at Prudhoe Bay. Fairy shrimp are frequently clumped in dense swarms (Stross et al, 1980) and are high in protein content (71.9% of dry weight: Driver et al, 1974;Krapu and Swanson, 1975). In 1992, I collected a sample of large cladocerans (Eurycerus lamellatus, 4 mm long) at two water bodies, and, because they also occur at high densities (Stross et al, 1980), the presence of these organisms may have resulted in high prey delivery rates.…”

Section: Foraging Effortmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Pacific Loons (<i>Gavia Pacifica</i>) to Impoundments at Prudhoe Bay, Alaska

Kertell¹

1996

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. Reproductive success and foraging effort of Pacific loons (Gavia pacifica) were compared between impoundments and natural ponds in the Prudhoe Bay oil field, Alaska, in 1992 and 1993. Pacific loons successfully reproduced on both impoundments and ponds. Though success tended to be lower on impoundments, no significant differences were detected between the two water body types. The principal cause of reproductive failure on both impoundments and ponds in 1993 appears to have been predation by arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) during incubation. Predation losses on impoundments often were associated with large water-level drawdowns, which apparently increased opportunities for predation of stranded clutches. I found no differences in chick mortality or adult foraging effort between impoundments and ponds. Over 99% of the prey items delivered to chicks were invertebrates captured in freshwater wetlands. Reproductive output of Pacific loons may be improved by increasing the stability of water levels at impoundments used for nesting. I found no evidence that draining impoundments would improve habitat for loons (or invertebrate-eating waterfowl species) at Prudhoe Bay.Key words: Pacific loon, Gavia pacifica, Prudhoe Bay, impoundments, impact assessment, Alaska RÉSUMÉ. En 1992 et 1993, on a établi une comparaison du taux de réussite de la reproduction et de la quête de nourriture du huart du Pacifique (Gavia pacifica) entre les bassins de retenue et les étangs naturels situés dans le champ pétrolifère de Prudhoe Bay en Alaska. Le huart du Pacifique se reproduisait bien sur les bassins comme sur les étangs. Malgré un taux ayant tendance à être plus faible sur les bassins, on n'a pas remarqué de différences notables entre les deux nappes d'eau. En 1993, la raison principale de l'échec de la reproduction sur les retenues comme sur les étangs semble avoir été la prédation effectuée par le renard arctique (Alopex lagopus) au cours de l'incubation. Les pertes dues à la prédation sur les bassins étaient souvent liées à de grands rabattements de nappe qui, selon toute apparence, facilitaient l'accès des prédateurs aux pontes échouées. On n'a trouvé aucune différence dans la mortalité juvénile ou dans la quête de nourriture entre les bassins et les étangs. Plus de 99 p. cent des proies rapportées aux poussins étaient des invertébrés capturés dans des marais d'eau douce. On pourrait rendre la reproduction du huart plus efficace en préservant la stabilité du niveau des eaux dans les bassins qui servent à la nidification. On n'a pas trouvé de preuves à l'effet que le drainage des bassins améliorerait l'habitat du huart (ou des espèces d'oiseaux aquatiques se nourrissant d'invertébrés) à Prudhoe Bay.Mots clés: huart du Pacifique, Gavia pacifica, Prudhoe Bay, bassins de retenue, évaluation environnementale, Alaska Traduit pour la revue Arctic par Nésida Loyer.

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Some Nutritional Aspects of Reproduction in Prairie Nesting Pintails

Cited by 91 publications

References 10 publications

Response of invertebrates to glyphosate-induced habitat alterations in wetlands

Response of invertebrates to glyphosate-induced habitat alterations in wetlands

Relationship between waterfowl nutrition and condition on agricultural drainwater ponds in the Tulare Basin, California: Waterfowl body composition

Response of Pacific Loons (<i>Gavia Pacifica</i>) to Impoundments at Prudhoe Bay, Alaska

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