Some morphological characteristics of the incorporation of silicon carbide (SiC) particles into electroless nickel deposits

Grosjean, A.; Rezrazi, M.; Berçot, P.

doi:10.1016/s0257-8972(00)00714-3

Cited by 36 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Grosjean et al used an experimental set-up used for producing electroless nickel-SiC composite coatings, shown in Fig. 8 [100] , where agitation induced by the fluid circulation with a centrifugal pump and a waterfall system was used. Thus, the circulation of the bath from top to bottom created a laminar flow of the fluid on the surface of the sample.…”

Section: Electroless Nickel Composite Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroless nickel, alloy, composite and nano coatings – A critical review

Sudagar¹,

Lian²,

Sha³

2013

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

765

367

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The development of metal deposition processes based on electroless nickel, alloy and composite coatings on various surfaces has witnessed a surge in interest among researchers, with many recent applications made possible from many excellent properties. In recent years, these coatings have shown promising corrosion and wear resistance properties and large number of newer developments became most important from macro to nano level 1 applications. After a brief review of the fundamental aspects underlying the coating processes, this paper discusses in detail about different electroless nickel alloy, composite, nano plating, bath techniques, preparation, characterization, new depositing mechanism and their recent applications, including brief notes on difficult substrate and waste treatment for green environment. Emphasis will be on to their recent progress, which will be discussed in detail and critically reviewed.

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Section: Electroless Nickel Composite Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroless nickel, alloy, composite and nano coatings – A critical review

Sudagar¹,

Lian²,

Sha³

2013

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

765

367

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] The type, shape and size of particles as well as the conditions of plating, such as temperature, pH and stirring rate of the bath, are factors that affect the particulate content in Ni-P coatings as well as the surface morphology, hardness and wear resistance of electroless composite deposits. [7][8][9] Ni-P-Al 2 O 3 coating is one such deposit on which different studies have been performed concerning the mechanism of formation, but there is little information about the wear behaviour of these deposits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of alumina content on wear behaviour of Ni−P−Al₂O₃(α) electroless composite coatings

Alirezaei¹,

Monirvaghefi²,

Salehi³

et al. 2005

Surface Engineering

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Codeposition of alumina particles within a Ni-P matrix was investigated. These composite coatings were produced on AISI 1045 steel discs by an electroless process and then heat treated at 200, 400 and 600uC for 1 h. Wear resistance of the deposits was measured by the pin on disc method. Structural changes were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and SEM was used to study the surface morphology, cross-sections of coatings, wear surfaces and debris. The volume of codeposited particles was determined using an image analysis system. The results showed that alumina content in the bath to 15 g L -1 led to an increase in both the hardness and the wear resistance of the coatings. It was also found that heat treatment at about 400uC can increase the hardness and wear resistance of these composite coatings to maximum values.

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“…This nodular morphology has been observed by Grosjean et al [43] where micron-sized SiC particles are incorporated into a NiP matrix, but also in NiP deposition without particles [3,44]. Grosjean et al [43] related the nodular morphology to the formation of phosphorus, while Kalantray et al [44] attributed it to an increase of the bath pH since by increasing the pH the phosphorus content of the deposit reduces and the number of nodules on the surface increases. Sarret et al [40] believed that the formation of these nodules is not due to a reduction of the phosphorous content but related to a change in the growth mechanism promoted by the incorporation of the nanoparticles.…”

Section: Coatings Morphologymentioning

confidence: 53%

The Effects of Additives, Particles Load and Current Density on Codeposition of SiC Particles in NiP Nanocomposite Coatings

Ahmadkhaniha

Zanella

2019

Coatings

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In this study, electrodeposition of NiP composite coatings with the addition of SiC 100 nm was carried out on low carbon steel studying the effect of additives (sodium dodecyl sulfate, saccharin), particles load (10 or 20 g/L) and current density (1, 2 and 4 A/dm 2 ). As a benchmark, coatings from an additive-free bath were also deposited, despite additives being essential for a good quality of the coatings. The coating's morphology and composition were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). It was shown that by addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), pure NiP coating with a higher P content was achieved, and their morphology changed to nodular. SDS also reduced the codeposited fraction of SiC particles, while saccharin increased it. SiC loading and current density had less impact respect to the additives on codeposition of SiC particles. Finally, the microhardness of NiP coatings did not increase linearly by codeposition of SiC particles.Meanwhile, the amount and distribution of particles are related to electrodeposition parameters including particle characteristics (particle shape, size, concentration and surface charge), electrolyte composition (additives, surfactant type and concentration), pH and applied current (direct or pulsed current and current density) [17][18][19][20][21]. Several studies have reported the effect of process parameters on the amount of codeposited particles in the metal matrix [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. However, a low number of particles are usually codeposited in the case of nanoparticles, and they tend to agglomerate, which results in the poor mechanical behaviour of the coatings. Hence, increasing the amount of codeposition as well as improving the particle distribution in the matrix are the crucial issues that require further investigation.It is well known that introducing additives to the electrolyte affects the properties and appearance of deposits [20,22,25]. Additives can be categorised based on their application as grain refiners, levelling agents, and wetting agents or surfactants. Saccharin is a common brightening agent in the electrodeposition of nickel, which refines grains, inhibits the hydrogen evolution reaction and reduces the internal stress of the coatings [25][26][27][28]. In previous studies, it was shown that the addition of saccharin significantly improves the cathode current efficiency of the NiP electrodeposition [29]. However, saccharin decreased the SiC codeposition and phosphorus content, compared to deposits obtained from saccharin-free baths [30].Surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) are needed in the case of electrodeposition processes where the current efficiency is below 100%. Hydrogen evolution is the common secondary cathodic reaction, and SDS can reduce the residence time of the H 2 bubble on the cathodic surface, and also pitting as well as porosity. Surfactants are beneficial for enhancing the stability and uniformity of the electrolyte by increasing the wettability an...

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Some morphological characteristics of the incorporation of silicon carbide (SiC) particles into electroless nickel deposits

Cited by 36 publications

References 5 publications

Electroless nickel, alloy, composite and nano coatings – A critical review

Electroless nickel, alloy, composite and nano coatings – A critical review

Effect of alumina content on wear behaviour of Ni−P−Al₂O₃(α) electroless composite coatings

The Effects of Additives, Particles Load and Current Density on Codeposition of SiC Particles in NiP Nanocomposite Coatings

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Some morphological characteristics of the incorporation of silicon carbide (SiC) particles into electroless nickel deposits

Cited by 36 publications

References 5 publications

Electroless nickel, alloy, composite and nano coatings – A critical review

Electroless nickel, alloy, composite and nano coatings – A critical review

Effect of alumina content on wear behaviour of Ni−P−Al2O3(α) electroless composite coatings

The Effects of Additives, Particles Load and Current Density on Codeposition of SiC Particles in NiP Nanocomposite Coatings

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Effect of alumina content on wear behaviour of Ni−P−Al₂O₃(α) electroless composite coatings