Some Molecular Structures in the Genome of Lager Brewing Yeasts

Aigle, Michel; Erbs, D.; Moll, M.

doi:10.1094/asbcj-42-0001

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…2). Aigle et al (1984) have shown that mtDNA of brewing yeast is poorly polymorphic and we confirmed this observation for the 14 Czech brewing strains : we detected only one polymorphic EcoRV fragment in the mtDNA of three Czech strains (CLIB 262,CLIB 263,CLIB 264) and MUCL 28282 and MUCL 28283 (data not shown).…”

Section: Distribution Of the S Cerevisiae Subtelomeric Sequences In supporting

confidence: 83%

Analysis of the constitution of the beer yeast genome by PCR, sequencing and subtelomeric sequence hybridization.

Casarégola¹,

Nguyen²,

Lapathitis³

et al. 2001

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

102

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The lager brewing yeasts, Saccharomyces pastorianus (synonym Saccharomyces carlsbergensis), are allopolyploid, containing parts of two divergent genomes. Saccharomyces cerevisiae contributed to the formation of these hybrids, although the identity of the other species is still unclear. The presence of alleles specific to S. cerevisiae and S. pastorianus was tested for by PCR/RFLP in brewing yeasts of various origins and in members of the Saccharomyces sensu stricto complex. S. cerevisiae-type alleles of two genes, HIS4 and YCL008c, were identified in another brewing yeast, S. pastorianus CBS 1503 (Saccharomyces monacensis), thought to be the source of the other contributor to the lager hybrid. This is consistent with the hybridization of S. cerevisiae subtelomeric sequences X and Y' to the electrophoretic karyotype of this strain. S. pastorianus CBS 1503 (S. monacensis) is therefore probably not an ancestor of S. pastorianus, but a related hybrid. Saccharomyces bayanus, also thought to be one of the contributors to the lager yeast hybrid, is a heterogeneous taxon containing at least two subgroups, one close to the type strain, CBS 380 T , the other close to CBS 395 (Saccharomyces uvarum). The partial sequences of several genes (HIS4, MET10, URA3) were shown to be identical or very similar (over 99 %) in S. pastorianus CBS 1513 (S. carlsbergensis), S. bayanus CBS 380 T and its close derivatives, showing that S. pastorianus and S. bayanus have a common ancestor. A distinction between two subgroups within S. bayanus was made on the basis of sequence analysis : the subgroup represented by S. bayanus CBS 395 (S. uvarum) has 6-8 % sequence divergence within the genes HIS4, MET10 and MET2 from S. bayanus CBS 380 T , indicating that the two S. bayanus subgroups diverged recently. The detection of specific alleles by PCR/RFLP and hybridization with S. cerevisiae subtelomeric sequences X and Y' to electrophoretic karyotypes of brewing yeasts and related species confirmed our findings and revealed substantial heterogeneity in the genome constitution of Czech brewing yeasts used in production.

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Section: Distribution Of the S Cerevisiae Subtelomeric Sequences In supporting

confidence: 83%

Analysis of the constitution of the beer yeast genome by PCR, sequencing and subtelomeric sequence hybridization.

Casarégola¹,

Nguyen²,

Lapathitis³

et al. 2001

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mt DNA was extracted from yeast protoplasts and separated from nuclear DNA using a caesium chloride gradient as described by Hudspeth et al (1980) modified by Aigle et al (1984). The apparatus used was a Beckman Geneline (Palo Alto, Calif).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of the restriction patterns of mitochondrial D N A (mt D N A ) for industrial strain differentiation was first carried ~out on brewery yeasts (Aigle et al 1984;Lee and Knudsen 1985) and then on several natural and commercial enological strains (Dubourdieu et al 1987;Hallet et al 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosomal DNA patterns and mitochondrial DNA polymorphism as tools for identification of enological strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Vezinhet¹,

Blondin

Hallet

1990

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

187

110

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Chromosomal D N A patterns using the transverse alternating field electrophoresis technique and mitochondrial D N A restriction profiles have been achieved for 22 enological strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Both methods have evidenced a marked polymorphism o f these strains. Twenty different karyotypes and 17 mitochondrial D N A banding patterns have been observed. Only three strains originating from the same vineyard could not be differentiated by either of the two methods. The polymorphism observed at the chromosomal and mitochondrial levels makes the techniques investigated powerful tools for identification and control of industrial strains.

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“…The high level of variability observed in restriction analysis, due to length polymorphism, has made it difficult to determine relationships among yeast species (17). Because mtDNA purification is also complex (11,36), its application to taxonomy has been limited to characterizing brewery (1,22) and wine (8,10,12,39,48) strains.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Characterization of Four Species of the Saccharomyces Sensu Stricto Complex According to Mitochondrial DNA Patterns

Guillamón

Barrio²,

Huerta³

et al. 1994

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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Several strains of the four sibling species of the genus Saccharomyces (S. bayanus, S. cerevisiae, S. paradoxus, and S. pasforianus) were characterized by using a rapid and simple method of restriction analysis of mitochondrial DNA. Patterns obtained with four-cutter endonucleases (such as AZuI, DdeI, H i d , and RrsaI) made it possible to differentiate each species. S. cerevisiae and S. paradoxus presented a greater number of large fragments than S. pastorianus and S. bayanus with all the assay enzymes. With AZuI and DdeI, species-specific bands clearly permitted differentiation between S. pastorianus and S. bayanus. To test the resolution of this method, wild Saccharomyces strains were analyzed. The correct assignment of these strains to a known taxon by this rapid method was confirmed by means of electrophoretic karyotyping.

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Some Molecular Structures in the Genome of Lager Brewing Yeasts

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

Analysis of the constitution of the beer yeast genome by PCR, sequencing and subtelomeric sequence hybridization.

Analysis of the constitution of the beer yeast genome by PCR, sequencing and subtelomeric sequence hybridization.

Chromosomal DNA patterns and mitochondrial DNA polymorphism as tools for identification of enological strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Rapid Characterization of Four Species of the Saccharomyces Sensu Stricto Complex According to Mitochondrial DNA Patterns

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