Some Metabolic Actions and Possible Toxic Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives in Animals and Man

Abstract

Data on contraceptive steroids derived from properly conducted and interpreted animal studies can serve to predict effects that may be expected to occur in women. Important also is the absence of certain effects of the steroids in both animals and man. Since the drugs are for human use it is necessary that adequate clinical studies be conducted to confirm the predictions made regarding effectiveness and safety. Selected topics of importance are discussed to summarize our knowledge in specific areas and to illustrate correlations between the effects of contraceptive steroids in animals and in women.The discovery and development of the first oral contraceptive by our labora¬ tories was the beginning of an extensive biological and clinical evaluation of these substances (Drill 1966). Indeed, the published papers available on oral contraceptives, oestrogens, progestins, and related articles on pregnancy, must now number in the thousands. Many of the publications are concerned with metabolic actions and possible side effects or toxic effects of the contraceptive steroids, but in the time allotted for my presentation this review must neces¬ sarily be limited to certain subjects. The areas of oral contraceptives selected * 4900 Searle Parkway, Skokie, 111., 60076.