Some ionospheric storm effects at equatorial and low latitudes

Ionospheric GPS-TEC responses from equatorial region to the EIA crest in the South American sector under intense space weather conditions

“…These ionospheric modifications are more effective on the dayside where ion/neutral collision frequencies are higher. Our results are also supported by other investigations (see e.g., Namgaladze et al, 2000;Huang et al, 2010;Mansilla, 2014Mansilla, , 2019de Abreu et al, 2017b).…”

Zonal velocity of the equatorial plasma bubbles over Kolhapur, India

“…During the geomagnetic storm period, occurrence of EPBs increase more than in normal period (Sahai et al, 1998). At a low latitude region, the F layer dynamo is created by various factors such as traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) (Mansilla, 2003). It is also relevant to note that apart from the above, vertical coupling arising because of upward propagation of mesospheric waves (Taori et al, 2011), internal gravity waves, TIDs (Makela et al, 2010) and GPS (Dashora et al, 2012) can also be the sources observed variability in ionospheric and atmospheric parameter disturbances (Leonovich et al, 2011).…”

The Effect of Geomagnetic Storms on foF2 Values over Low Latitude Ionosonde Station

“…These results of present study are in good agreement with previous studies that was conducted about foF2 at low latitudes. The previous studies reveal that during geomagnetic storms, the ionospheric critical frequency (foF2) values at low latitudes increase at the day hours and decrease at the night hours [18][19][20][21][22][23].…”