Some Insights Regarding Symmetry Relevance in Biomedicine

Ardigò, Luca Paolo; Ouergui, Ibrahim; Nobari, Hadi; Formenti, Damiano

doi:10.3390/sym14102046

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…In both sexes and through the life cycle, the dominant leg and arm (more frequently the right arm) show higher values of lean mass and strength [ 2 , 6 ], while the differences in the fat mass (FM) are generally less accentuated [ 6 ]. Among athletes, some disciplines, such as tennis, fencing, and soccer, are more commonly associated with differences between sides [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Indeed, the dominant upper or lower limbs of athletes practicing tennis [ 12 , 13 ] or soccer [ 10 , 11 ] have shown higher muscle mass and strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Composition and Strength Symmetry of Kettlebell Sport Athletes

Stagi

Mulliri

Doneddu

et al. 2023

Biology

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Kettlebell sport (KBs) is increasingly popular, but very few studies have been focused on this discipline. This research aims to investigate the effects of KBs on body composition, strength symmetry, and segmental body composition symmetry in a sample of Italian elite athletes. Data were collected from a sample of 16 athletes of both sexes (11 men and 5 women; 34.5 ± 9.0 years of age). Anthropometric (height, weight, arm, thigh, calf, and waist circumferences), hand grip strength, and total and segmental bioelectrical variables were taken. Body composition was analysed by using specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA). Paired t-tests and confidence ellipses were applied to analyse bilateral differences. Elite athletes of both sexes showed high values of phase angle, indicative of high body cell mass and quality and proxy of muscle mass. Hand grip strength and body composition were symmetrical, with the only exception of a higher %FM in the right leg (Zsp: t = 3.556; p = 0.003). In conclusion, this study suggests that KBs contributes to muscle mass improvement, body composition, and strength symmetry, especially in the upper body.

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