Some important issues in electrochemistry of carbon steel in simulated concrete pore water Part 2 – Experimental

Saleh, Ahmed A.; Azizi, Orchideh; Rosas-Camacho, Omar; Almarzooqi, Ahmed; Macdonald, Digby D.

doi:10.1179/1743278210y.0000000017

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The reasons for these fluctuations are not clear but are presumed to be due to local time-dependent variations in solution chemistry near the electrode surfaces. The observation of a low corrosion rate in the gas cell measurements, which decreases with time, is consistent with the rapid formation of a thin barrier layer on the surface of the steel, with the slow subsequent development of an outer layer through a dissolution-precipitation process [17].…”

Section: Electrochemical Measurementssupporting

confidence: 76%

The anaerobic corrosion of carbon steel in alkaline media – Phase 2 results

Smart¹,

Rance²,

Fennell³

et al. 2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. In the Belgian Supercontainer concept a carbon steel overpack will surround high-level waste and spent fuel containers and be encased in a cementitious buffer material. A programme of research was carried out to investigate and measure the rate of anaerobic corrosion of carbon steel in an artificial alkaline porewater that simulates the aqueous phase in the cementitious buffer material. The corrosion rates were measured by monitoring hydrogen evolution using a manometric gas cell technique and by applying electrochemical methods. Phase 2 of the programme has repeated and extended previous Phase 1 measurements of the effects of radiation, temperature and chloride concentration of the anaerobic corrosion rate. This paper provides an update on the results from Phase 2 of the programme. The results confirm previous conclusions that the long-term corrosion rate of carbon steel in alkaline simulated porewater is determined by the formation of a thin barrier layer and a thicker outer layer composed of magnetite. Anaerobic corrosion of steel in cement requires an external supply of water.

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Section: Electrochemical Measurementssupporting

confidence: 76%

The anaerobic corrosion of carbon steel in alkaline media – Phase 2 results

Smart¹,

Rance²,

Fennell³

et al. 2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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“…The parameter values were obtained by optimising the PDM on experimental electrochemical impedance spectroscopic data, as described in Ref. 6.…”

Section: Mixed Potential Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The defects are envisioned to be generated and annihilated by reactions at the metal/barrier layer and the barrier layer/outer layer (solution) interfaces. The parameters that are required to calculate the rates of the reactions at 80°C are summarised in an accompanying paper;6 data of the same type for other temperatures from 22 to 80°C have been acquired in the authors’ laboratory. The parameter values were obtained by optimising the PDM on experimental electrochemical impedance spectroscopic data, as described in Ref.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Some important issues in electrochemistry of carbon steel in simulated concrete pore water Part 1 – theoretical issues

Macdonald

Urquidi‐Macdonald

Engelhardt

et al. 2011

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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A model of the annulus between the carbon steel overpack and the stainless steel liner of a supercontainer of the type proposed by ONDRAF/NIRAS for the disposal of high level nuclear waste in a boom clay repository is described. The model seeks to calculate the corrosion potentials of the outer surface of the carbon steel overpack and the inner surface of the stainless steel liner as the overpack surface temperature decays exponentially with time (0-300 years). In the initial state, it is assumed that the pore water in the cementitious fill in the annulus is saturated with oxygen and that the concentration of hydrogen is zero. As time increases, the temperature at the overpack external surface decreases exponentially, and oxygen is consumed at the overpack outer and liner inner surfaces, resulting in a fall in the corrosion potential at each surface, as estimated using mixed potential models. Once the corrosion potentials reach sufficiently negative values, hydrogen evolution becomes a viable cathodic reaction, resulting in the gradual build-up of hydrogen in the annulus. Eventually, the corrosion potential versus time data will be used to predict the form of corrosion that occurs on both the overpack outer and the liner inner surfaces as well as the pressure change due to the consumption of oxygen and the build-up of hydrogen. Further development of the model requires the measurement of values for important model parameters, most notably the passive current density of the steel, the kinetic parameters for hydrogen evolution and oxygen reduction and the parameters contained in the point defect model for the passive state. The latter are being obtained by optimising the point defect model on experimental electrochemical impedance spectroscopic data. Eventually, these data will be used in models that are being developed to predict the corrosion of the carbon steel overpack over the entire storage horizon of 10 000 years. Details of the experimental studies are given in an accompanying paper.

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Corrosion

Kursten¹,

Smart²

2016

RILEM State-of-the-Art Reports

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Some important issues in electrochemistry of carbon steel in simulated concrete pore water Part 2 – Experimental

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

The anaerobic corrosion of carbon steel in alkaline media – Phase 2 results

The anaerobic corrosion of carbon steel in alkaline media – Phase 2 results

Some important issues in electrochemistry of carbon steel in simulated concrete pore water Part 1 – theoretical issues

Corrosion

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