Some functional properties of iconic storage in retarded and nonretarded subjects

Decay of iconic memory traces is related to psychometric intelligence: A fixed-links modeling approach

“…Previous studies reported better overall performance on the partial-report task in high compared to extremely low intelligent individuals -irrespective of the matrix-to-cue ISI (Baumeister et al, 1984;Mosley, 1978;Pennington & Luszcz, 1975). In these studies analyses of variance were calculated so that only overall systematic variance (not specific to decay of IM traces) was investigated.…”

“…Only few studies compared the decay of IM traces during a partial-report task between participants with extremely low (mean IQ of about 70) and normal psychometric intelligence. In these studies, participants with normal psychometric intelligence outperformed participants with low psychometric intelligence irrespective of the ISI between offset of the matrix and onset of the cue (Baumeister, Runcie, & Gardepe, 1984;Mosley, 1978;Pennington & Luszcz, 1975 but also see Libkuman, Velliky, & Friedrich, 1980). Recently, however, Lu, Neuse, Madigan, and Dosher (2005) reported that IM traces decayed faster in elderly adults suffering from mild cognitive impairment compared with normal controls.…”

The tachistoscopic recognition of letters under whole and partial report procedures as related to intelligence

“…As Pennington & Luszcz (1975) suggest, the stimulus display must be feature analysed before items can be read out into short-term memory. The problem here would seem to be that the retarded subject is less efficient in utilizing the physical features of the stimulus display.…”

“…memory in retarded individuals (Libkuman & Friedrich, 1972; Pennington & Luszcz, 1975) have indicated that retarded individuals demonstrate a quantitative as opposed to a qualitative difference in iconic memory relative to non-retarded individuals.…”

“…However, the majority of the short-term memory investigations have neither employed tasks sensitive enough to allow for the assessment of iconic storage nor employed strategies designed to determine the nature of the iconic storageshort-term memory encoding process. The few studies which have attempted to assess iconic Research indicating consistent performance superiority employing the partial report procedure memory in retarded individuals (Libkuman & Friedrich, 1972; Pennington & Luszcz, 1975) have indicated that retarded individuals demonstrate a quantitative as opposed to a qualitative difference in iconic memory relative to non-retarded individuals.…”