Some Features of the Auditory Evoked Response in Schizophrenics

Roth, Walton T.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1972.01750280034007

Cited by 281 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…P300 has been conceptualized as a neurophysiological correlate of WM update in response to changes in the environment (25). Patients with schizophrenia show a reduction in P300 (20,26,27), which has been shown to correlate with the level of cognitive impairment (28,29).…”

Section: Q4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Acute Ketamine Infusion on Visual Working Memory: Event-Related Potentials

Koychev

Deakin

El‐Deredy

et al. 2017

Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Working memory (WM) deficits are a core feature of schizophrenia. Electrophysiological studies suggest that impaired early visual processing may contribute to impaired WM in the visual domain. Abnormal N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function has been implicated both in WM and in early visual processing deficits in schizophrenia. We investigated whether ketamine, a noncompetitive NMDA antagonist, would replicate in healthy volunteers the WM performance and early visual processing abnormalities we and others have reported in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Forty-four healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to receive intravenous ketamine or placebo. During infusion, the effects of ketamine were recorded using standardized psychiatric scales. Visual evoked potentials (P100 and P300 components) were recorded during performance of a delayed matching to sample task. RESULTS: Ketamine induced mild psychosis-like symptoms and impaired WM performance. It also significantly increased the P100 amplitude, while P300 amplitude decreased in a load-dependent manner. Amplitudes of P100 during retrieval correlated with cognitive performance only in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed previous studies showing that ketamine reproduces the impairment of WM performance and smaller P300 amplitudes observed in schizophrenia. However, ketamine increased visual P100 amplitude in contrast to our observation of reduced P100 amplitudes in established schizophrenia. The effects of ketamine on WM and P300 are likely to involve impaired NMDA function, as these receptors are implicated in changes of synaptic strength underlying associative learning and memory. Increased P100 amplitude may reflect the secondary disinhibition of cortical glutamate release that occurs after NMDA blockade. Permanent repository link

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Section: Q4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Acute Ketamine Infusion on Visual Working Memory: Event-Related Potentials

Koychev

Deakin

El‐Deredy

et al. 2017

Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging

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“…Finally, our data also corroborate previous EP data showing that patients with schizophrenia suffer from prominent processing deficits around 300 ms after stimulus onset. Yet, this was related to changes of the P300 component and measured during different behavioral paradigms (such as the oddball paradigm) whereas we used a mental transformation task in the present study (Roth and Cannon, 1972;Roth et al, 1980;Strik et al, 1994;Heidrich and Strik, 1997). …”

Section: Self-processing Schizotypy and Tpj Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duration and not strength of activation in temporo-parietal cortex positively correlates with schizotypy

et al. 2007

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Impaired self-and own body processing in patients with schizophrenia and individuals along the schizophrenia spectrum have been associated with dysfunctional cortical activation at the temporo-parietal junction. Here we investigated whether strength or duration of temporo-parietal junction activation during an own body processing task correlates with level of abnormal self-processing in healthy subjects as measured by the frequency of spontaneously experienced schizotypal body schema alterations (perceptual aberrations) and dissociative experiences. Participants carried out a mental imagery task with respect to their own body. Behavioral data and high density EEG were measured. EEG data were analyzed using evoked potential mapping and electrical neuroimaging. Participants completed two validated self-report questionnaires, one asking about perceptual aberration and one about dissociative experiences. The own body transformation task activated the right temporo-parietal junction at 310-390 ms. Participants' reaction times and duration of activation at the right temporo-parietal junction, but not its strength, were found to correlate positively with perceptual aberration scores. No relationship was found with dissociative experiences scores. Brain activations proceeding and following activation of the right temporo-parietal junction did not correlate with scores on either scale. The positive correlation between performance and right temporo-parietal activation in an own body transformation task with perceptual aberrations scores in our healthy population suggests that disturbances in self-and body processing in individuals along the schizophrenia spectrum might be due to prolonged, rather than stronger activation of the right temporo-parietal junction. We argue that this might reflect local pathology, pathologies in cortico-cortical connections and/or re-entry of top-down processing.

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“…The current study extends this prior work by demonstrating an association between P300 and violent offenses but not with non-violent offenses Finally, psychiatric diagnostic data would be helpful to better understand the specificity of the violent-offence relationships with P300. P300 has been shown to be reduced in relation to several disorders, most prominently including alcoholism (Porjesz, Rangaswamy, Kamarajan, Jones, Padmanabhapillai, and Begleiter, 2005), as well as depression and schizophrenia (Blackwood, Whalley, Chritine, Blackburn, St. Clair, and McInnes, 1987;Bruder, Tenke, Steward, Towey, Leite, Voglmaier, and Quitken, 1995;Roth and Cannon, 1972). The lack of such comparison data is a limitation in the current report, although the difference between violent and non-violent offenses remains discriminative in the current sample as a behavioral index.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violent offending predicts P300 amplitude

Bernat

Hall

Steffen

et al. 2007

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Prior work has consistently revealed a relationship between antisocial behavior and reduced P300 amplitude. Fewer studies have directly evaluated behavioral indices of aggression and P300, and those that have generally do not account for potential mediating variables such as age, intelligence, and behavioral task performance. The current study assessed the relationship between the total number of convicted violent and non-violent offenses and P300 in a sample of inmates from a medium security state prison. Violent offenses evidenced a robust negative relationship with P300 amplitude, whereas non-violent offenses did not. Additional analyses evaluated age, intelligence, and behavioral task performance as potential mediating variables. Only reaction time significantly predicted P300 amplitude, and mediational analyses showed that this relationship did not account for the violentoffense/P300 relationship. Findings are discussed in terms of personality correlates and neurobiological process related to aggression.There is long-standing interest in the notion that antisocial behavior, and aggression in particular, involves neurobiologically-based deficits in information processing. Neuropsychological research has revealed that antisocial behavior is associated with impaired executive function (c.f. Morgan & Lilienfeld, 2000), and neuroimaging studies have consistently identified frontal lobe abnormalities among violent offenders (Goyer, Andreason, Semple, & Clayton, 1994;Raine, Buchsbaum, & LaCasse, 1997;Raine, Lencz, Bihrle, LaCasse, Colletti, 2000; Volkow, Tancredi, Lawrence, Grant, Gillespie, & Hampton, 1995). Furthermore, research using event-related brain potentials has indicated that antisocial behavior is associated with reduced P300 responses to task-relevant stimuli in target detection tasks (e.g., Iacono, Malone, & McGue, 2003). These deficits may reflect inefficient neural processing of salient environmental stimuli (Donchin & Coles, 1988), which could potentially contribute to risk for antisocial deviance.Notably, antisocial behavior encompasses both violent and nonviolent transgressions. One unresolved issue is whether P300 amplitude is associated with both violent and non-violent forms of antisocial behavior, or more predominantly with aggressive forms of acting out. Some research has examined P300 response in aggressive individuals specifically (e.g., Barratt, Stanford, Kent, & Felthous, 1997); this work has revealed that reduced P300 amplitude is selectively related to impulsive, but not instrumental, aggression. However, this work has not compared associations for aggressive versus non-aggressive offending behavior. Thus, the aim of the present study was to replicate and extend prior research on antisocial behavior and brain response by examining relations between violent and non-violent offenses and P300 amplitude in a sample of adult male inmates. Our prediction was that reduced P300 response would be Correspondence may be addressed either to Edward M. Bernat (email: ebernat@umn.edu) or Chri...

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Some Features of the Auditory Evoked Response in Schizophrenics

Cited by 281 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of Acute Ketamine Infusion on Visual Working Memory: Event-Related Potentials

Effects of Acute Ketamine Infusion on Visual Working Memory: Event-Related Potentials

Duration and not strength of activation in temporo-parietal cortex positively correlates with schizotypy

Violent offending predicts P300 amplitude

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