“…The so-called "exponential metric" ds 2 = −e −2m/r dt 2 + e +2m/r {dr 2 + r 2 (dθ 2 + sin 2 θ dφ 2 )}, (1.1) has now been in circulation for some 60 years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]; at least since 1958. Motivations for considering this metric vary quite markedly, (even between different papers written by the same author), and the theoretical "justifications" advanced for considering this particular space-time metric are often rather dubious.…”
For various reasons a number of authors have mooted an "exponential form" for the spacetime metric: ds 2 = −e −2m/r dt 2 + e +2m/r {dr 2 + r 2 (dθ 2 + sin 2 θ dφ 2 )}.While the weak-field behaviour matches nicely with weak-field general relativity, and so also automatically matches nicely with the Newtonian gravity limit, the strong-field behaviour is markedly different. Proponents of these exponential metrics have very much focussed on the absence of horizons -it is certainly clear that this geometry does not represent a black hole. However, the proponents of these exponential metrics have failed to note that instead one is dealing with a traversable wormhole -with all of the interesting and potentially problematic features that such an observation raises. If one wishes to replace all the black hole candidates astronomers have identified with traversable wormholes, then certainly a careful phenomenological analysis of this quite radical proposal should be carried out.
“…The so-called "exponential metric" ds 2 = −e −2m/r dt 2 + e +2m/r {dr 2 + r 2 (dθ 2 + sin 2 θ dφ 2 )}, (1.1) has now been in circulation for some 60 years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]; at least since 1958. Motivations for considering this metric vary quite markedly, (even between different papers written by the same author), and the theoretical "justifications" advanced for considering this particular space-time metric are often rather dubious.…”
For various reasons a number of authors have mooted an "exponential form" for the spacetime metric: ds 2 = −e −2m/r dt 2 + e +2m/r {dr 2 + r 2 (dθ 2 + sin 2 θ dφ 2 )}.While the weak-field behaviour matches nicely with weak-field general relativity, and so also automatically matches nicely with the Newtonian gravity limit, the strong-field behaviour is markedly different. Proponents of these exponential metrics have very much focussed on the absence of horizons -it is certainly clear that this geometry does not represent a black hole. However, the proponents of these exponential metrics have failed to note that instead one is dealing with a traversable wormhole -with all of the interesting and potentially problematic features that such an observation raises. If one wishes to replace all the black hole candidates astronomers have identified with traversable wormholes, then certainly a careful phenomenological analysis of this quite radical proposal should be carried out.
“…and has now been in circulation for some sixty years [163,164,165,39,114,51,101,6,117,116,76,75,23,128,99,24,129,5,118]; at least since 1958. In weak fields, ( 2m r 1), one has:…”
“…For more than 60 years [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], since 1958, this exponential metric has been studied by many researchers. This metric has some attractive features that it passes almost all of the standard lowest order( 2m r << 1) weak field test of General Relativity.…”
In this work we have formulated a general exponential wormhole metric. Here initially we have considered a exponential wormhole metric in which the temporal component is an exponential function of r but the spatial components of the metrics are fixed as a particular function e 2m r +2αr . Following that, we have constructed a generalised exponential wormhole metric in which the spatial component is an exponential function of r but the temporal component is fixed as a particular function given by e − 2m r −2αr . Finally we have considered exponential metric in which both the temporal and spatial components are generalised exponential function of r. We have also studied some of their properties including throat radius, energy conditions, the metric in curvature coordinates, effective refractive index, ISCO and photon sphere, Regge-Wheeler potential and determined the curvature tensor. The radius of the throat is found to be consistent with the properties of wormholes, which are given by r = m, r = −1+ √ 1+4αm 2α, r = −1+ √ 1+8αm 4α...etc. Most interestingly, their throat radius is same for the same spatial component and the same range of values of m. In addition to these they also violate Null Energy Condition(NEC) near the throat.
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