Some Factors Which Affect the Availability of Lysine in Blood Meals

Hamm, D.; Searcy, G. K.

doi:10.3382/ps.0550582

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The lower total lysine content in vat blood meal has been reported previously (Kramer et al, 1978). The decrease in lysine content of heat damaged protein has been associated with a large decrease in chemically available lysine content (Hurrell and Carpenter, 1974;Hamm and Searcy, 1976). The total and available FDNB-Iysine contents of the vat dried blood meal in this study were 12 and 19% lower, respectively, than the lysine contents in spray, ring, flash, and DeLaval-Anderson blood meals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

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Available Lysine Content of Blood Meals Determined by Turkey Bioassay and Fluorodinitrobenzene Assay

Noll

Waibel

1984

Poultry Science

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Lysine availability in blood meal as affected by processing method was studied using 53 samples representing 10 manufacturing processes. Each sample was analyzed for total lysine and chemically available lysine using the fluorodinitrobenzene technique (FDNB-Iysine). Bioavailable lysine was determined by turkey poult growth assay. The bioavailability was calculated using the slope ratio method where gain was regressed on dietary lysine content (Method A) or on lysine consumption (Method B). Vat-dried blood meal, representing harsh processing conditions, contained significantly less total lysine, FDNB-Iysine, and bioavailable lysine when compared to spray, DeLaval-Anderson, ring, and flash-dried blood meal. Content of FDNB-Iysine was more correlated with bioavailable lysine than was total lysine. Available lysine as measured by the FDNB-Iysine technique overestimated bioavailable lysine in vat-dried samples. Bioavailable lysine contents as estimated by Method B were greater and more variable than those determined by Method A. (

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…The effect of processing conditions on available lysine content of blood meal was demonstrated further in experiments conducted by Hamm and Searcy (1976). The chemically available lysine content of chicken blood was decreased by increasing temperature and length of drying time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Available Lysine Content of Blood Meals Determined by Turkey Bioassay and Fluorodinitrobenzene Assay

Noll

Waibel

1984

Poultry Science

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“…conclusions were reached. Drying procedures used in manufacturing dried blood products may be a source of variation, as they can affect its feeding value (Hamm and Searcy, 1976). Currently, all feed-grade animal plasma that is commercially available is spray-dried.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of methods to reduce bacteria concentrations in spray-dried animal plasma and its effects on nursery pig performance1

DeRouchey

Tokach

Nelssen

et al. 2004

Journal of Animal Science

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Four experiments with 1,040 weanling pigs (17 +/- 2 d of age at weaning) were conducted to evaluate the effects of spray-dried animal plasma source, drying technique, and methods of bacterial reduction on nursery pig performance. In Exp. 1, 180 barrows and gilts (initial BW 5.9 +/- 1.8 kg) were used to compare effects of animal plasma, animal plasma source, drying technique (spray-dried or freeze-dried), and plasma irradiation in nursery pig diets. From d 0 to 10, pigs fed diets containing irradiated spray-dried animal plasma had increased ADG and ADFI (P < 0.05) compared with pigs fed diets containing nonirradiated spray-dried animal plasma. Pigs fed irradiated animal plasma Sources 1 and 2 were similar in ADG and ADFI, but pigs fed animal plasma Source 1 had greater ADG (P < 0.05) than pigs fed animal plasma Source 2 and pigs not fed plasma. Pigs fed freeze-dried animal plasma had growth performance similar (P > 0.36) to pigs fed spray-dried animal plasma. Overall (d 0 to 24), pigs fed irradiated spray-dried animal plasma were heavier (P < 0.05) than pigs fed no animal plasma, whereas pigs fed nonirradiated spray-dried plasma were intermediate. In Exp. 2, 325 barrows and gilts (initial BW 5.8 +/- 1.7 kg) were used to compare the effects of irradiation or formaldehyde treatment of animal plasma and formaldehyde treatment of the whole diet. Pigs fed diets containing irradiated animal plasma had greater ADG (P < 0.05) than pigs fed nonirradiated plasma. Pigs fed formaldehyde-treated plasma had greater ADG and ADFI (P < 0.05) than pigs fed diets with either nonirradiated plasma or whole diet treated with formaldehyde. In Exp. 3 (360 barrows and gilts; initial BW 6.3 +/- 2.7 kg) and Exp. 4 (175 barrows and gilts; initial BW 6.1 +/- 1.7 kg), the irradiation of feed (high bacteria) and food-grade (low bacteria) animal plasma in nursery pig diets was examined. Pigs fed irradiated feed-grade plasma Product 2 had increased ADG (P < 0.05) compared with pigs fed nonirradiated plasma Product 2 and pigs fed the control diet without plasma. In Exp. 3 and 4, pigs fed irradiated food-grade plasma had growth performance similar to pigs fed nonirradiated food-grade plasma (P > 0.12). These studies indicate that bacterial reduction of feed-grade, but not food-grade animal plasma, improves nursery pig performance.

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“…In developing countries a considerable amount of blood is produced in abattoirs. Blood meal is high in protein and rich in lysine, but is susceptible to heat damage during processing, as a result of heat-stimulated reactions between lysine and reducing sugars or other amino acids (Hamm and Searcy, 1976;Waibel et al, 1977;Miller and De-Boer, 1988;Moughan and Donkoh, 1991;Crawshaw, 1994;NRC, 1994). Thus, the use of absorbent such as ground maize cob for the dehydration of raw blood without damaging the nutritive quality would be desirable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A note on nutritive value of blend of blood and ground maize cob for broiler chickens

Donkoh¹,

Otchere²,

Asare³

et al. 2003

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Blend of blood and ground maize cob (BLOMC) was analysed and compared with wheat bran. Experiment was conducted on 300 14-day-old broiler chickens allocated to 5 dietary treatments, each consisting of 3 replicates. Birds were given diets containing 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 g BLOMC kg -1 , replacing equal amounts of wheat bran.Growth performance and carcass yield of birds fed diets containing BLOMC did not differ markedly from those on the control diet, except the efficiency of feed utilization, which improved (r = 0.77; P<0.05) with the inclusion of BLOMC in diets. There were neither health-related problems nor mortality due to the addition of BLOMC to the diet. Dietary treatments did not have significant (P>0.05) impact on organ weights, except the gizzard weight, which was highest (P<0.01) in birds fed on the diet which contained 120 g BLOMC kg -1 . Examination of heart, kidney, liver, spleen, lung and pancreas revealed no gross abnormalities from feeding of BLOMC. It was cheaper to produce broilers using BLOMC than using wheat bran.

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Some Factors Which Affect the Availability of Lysine in Blood Meals

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Available Lysine Content of Blood Meals Determined by Turkey Bioassay and Fluorodinitrobenzene Assay

Available Lysine Content of Blood Meals Determined by Turkey Bioassay and Fluorodinitrobenzene Assay

Evaluation of methods to reduce bacteria concentrations in spray-dried animal plasma and its effects on nursery pig performance1

A note on nutritive value of blend of blood and ground maize cob for broiler chickens

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