Some Factors that Affect the Deposition Rates of Sulfur Dioxide and Similar Gases on Vegetation

Wesely, M. L.; Hicks, B. B.

doi:10.1080/00022470.1977.10470534

Cited by 558 publications

(238 citation statements)

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“…Sixty-three ambient air and 53 dry deposition samples were collected. Another two additional sampling programs were conducted between March 17-24, 2004 (winter) and July [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]2004 (summer) at urban site. Successive 7 samples (ambient air and dry deposition) were collected for each sampling period.…”

Section: Sampling Program and Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Particle-phase dry deposition and air–soil gas exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Izmir, Turkey

Demircioglu

Sofuoğlu

Odabaşı

2011

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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a b s t r a c tAmbient air and dry deposition samples were collected at suburban and urban sites in Izmir, Turkey. Atmospheric total (particle + gas) 14 PAHs concentrations were 36 ± 39 and 144 ± 163 ng m −3 for suburban and urban sites, respectively. Phenanthrene was the most abundant compound at all sites, and all samples were dominated by low molecular weight PAHs. Average particulate 14 PAH dry deposition fluxes were 8160 ± 5024 and 4286 ± 2782 ng m −2 day −1 and overall average particulate dry deposition velocities were 1.5 ± 2.4 and 1.0 ± 2.3 cm s −1 for suburban and urban sites, respectively. Soil samples were collected at suburban site. Average soil concentration for 14 PAH was 55.9 ± 14.4 ng g −1 dry weight. Calculated gas-phase air-soil exchange fluxes indicated that fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, and carbazole were deposited to soil in winter while they were volatilized in summer. Other compounds (fluoranthene-benzo[g,h,i]perylene) were deposited to soil in both periods. Annual average fluxes of PAHs representing soil to air (i.e., gas volatilization) and air to soil transfer (i.e., gas absorption, dry deposition, and wet deposition) processes were also compared. All processes were comparable for 14 PAHs however their input was dominated by gas absorption. Gas absorption dominated for lower molecular weight PAHs, however dry deposition dominated for higher molecular weight PAHs. The results have suggested that for fluorene, soil and air may be approaching a steady state condition. For the remaining compounds, there was a net accumulation into the soil.

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Section: Sampling Program and Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Boundary layer resistance is the resistance in the laminar sublayer and depends on the molecular diffusion. It can be calculated from the equation developed by Wesely and Hicks [22], and is given as…”

Section: Air-soil Exchange Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle-phase dry deposition and air–soil gas exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Izmir, Turkey

Demircioglu

Sofuoğlu

Odabaşı

2011

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Dry deposition is usually described by drawing with Ohm's law analogy, i.e., by considering the existence of several resistances to the pollutant transference from the atmosphere to the deposition surface (Garland, 1977;Wesely and Hicks, 1977;Fowler, 1978;Baldocchi et al, 1987). < is de"ned as the reciprocal of the sum of three resistances in series (aerodynamic resistance, R , quasilaminar boundary layer resistance R and surface or canopy resistance, R ):…”

Section: Dry Deposition Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variability of ozone dry deposition under southern European climate conditions, in Portugal

Pio

Feliciano

Vermeulen

et al. 2000

Atmospheric Environment

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Ozone dry deposition measurements were carried out during approximately one year over a #at grass "eld in Portugal. The results show prominent diurnal and seasonal patterns in deposition #ux, dry deposition velocity and surface resistance, especially for the daytime period. Dry deposition velocities vary diurnally from a minimum of 0.1 cm s\ , during the night to a maximum of 0.2}0.5 cm s\ during the day. The observed canopy resistance (R ) varies from values higher than 500 s m\ , at night, to a minimum of 200 s m\ , around noon. Seasonal variation is characterised by daytime R values much larger in summer than in winter and spring, while nighttime values do not show any evident seasonal pattern. This behaviour can be ascribed to the stomatal intake, which represents the most important controlling factor on ozone dry deposition. The Wesely parameterisation scheme of surface resistance predicts R diurnal cycles reasonably well. However, the observed canopy resistance seasonal cycle is completely di!erent from Wesely predictions, since season parameters in Wesely's parameterisation were de"ned for a vegetation growing cycle di!erent from that prevailing in our conditions.

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“…For pollutants that do not participate in the aqueous chemistry (or for all pollutants when the liquid water content is below 0.01 g m − 3 ), the model uses the Henry's Law equilibrium equation to calculate ending concentration and deposition amounts (Roselle and Binkowski, 1999). Dry deposition of gases and aerosols is calculated with a resistance-in-series scheme (Wesely and Hicks, 1977). The three-dimensional meteorological fields used in this study are provided by the Fifth-Generation NCAR/Penn State Mesoscale Model (MM5; Dudhia et al, 1998).…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the role of ammonia in sulfur transformation and deposition in China

Quan

Zhang

2008

Atmospheric Research

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Some Factors that Affect the Deposition Rates of Sulfur Dioxide and Similar Gases on Vegetation

Cited by 558 publications

References 13 publications

Particle-phase dry deposition and air–soil gas exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Izmir, Turkey

Particle-phase dry deposition and air–soil gas exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Izmir, Turkey

Seasonal variability of ozone dry deposition under southern European climate conditions, in Portugal

Assessing the role of ammonia in sulfur transformation and deposition in China

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