Some factors influencing the absorption of diazepam

Gamble, J. A. S.

doi:10.1097/00006534-197612000-00085

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Increases in gastric pH would enhance the absorption of the weakly basic benzodiazepines from the stomach, and it is possible that the higher benzodiazepine plasma levels following cimetidine may be due to increased gastric absorption. The increased uptake of diazepam is similar to that reported by Gamble (1975) when the drug was administered with aluminium hydroxide mixture (Aludrox).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…However, on the basis of previous work (Gamble, 1975) one would expect the differences in mean diazepam levels in Tables 2 and 3 to be of clinical importance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Many patients may be taking cimetidine, or given it preoperatively as a prophylaxis against acid aspiration (Johnston et al, 1982a,b). Gastric acidity can be reduced by an emulsion antacid, and it is known that the concomitant administration of aluminium hydroxide gel increases both the peak plasma concentration and soporific effect of oral diazepam (Gamble, 1975). This paper reports a study which evaluates whether the doses of cimetidine given in anaesthetic practice (200 and 400 mg i.v.)…”

Section: Introduction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of intravenous cimetidine on the absorption of orally administered diazepam and lorazepam.

Mcgowan¹,

Dundee²

1982

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 The effect of intravenous cimetidine 200 mg or 400 mg on the absorption of lorazepam 2.5 mg tablet and diazepam 10 mg tablet and capsule was studied. 2 Considerable individual variation in plasma concentrations was found with all preparations. 3 Cimetidine increased the absorption of diazepam and lorazepam. 4 Capsule preparations of diazepam generally produced higher drug plasma concentrations than the tablets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…However, on the basis of previous work (Gamble, 1975) one would expect the differences in mean diazepam levels in Tables 2 and 3 to be of clinical importance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introduction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The effect of intravenous cimetidine on the absorption of orally administered diazepam and lorazepam.

Mcgowan¹,

Dundee²

1982

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…Factors influencing the absorption of IM diazepam include the location of the injection site, depth of injection, gender, muscle activity (such as exercise, which may increase the rate of absorption), and the amount of adipose tissue at the injection site. 12,13,21,22 The present studies involved men who were not obese. Absorption of IM diazepam using the autoinjector has not been assessed in women or in obese subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability and Dose Proportionality of Intramuscular Diazepam Administered by Autoinjector

Lehmann¹,

Wannarka

2008

The Journal of Clinical Pharma

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A diazepam 10-mg autoinjector was evaluated in bioequivalence and dose proportionality studies; both involved 24 young, healthy subjects and used randomized, open-label, 2-treatment, 2-period crossover designs with a 3-week washout period between treatments. The bioequivalence study compared a single diazepam 10-mg autoinjector with a conventional needle and syringe containing 10 mg of diazepam injectable. The dose proportionality study compared the pharmacokinetics of a single diazepam 10-mg autoinjector with that of 2 diazepam 10-mg autoinjectors given simultaneously (20 mg). Injections were intramuscular in the midanterolateral thigh in both studies. The studies showed that the diazepam autoinjector produced consistent plasma diazepam levels, with a rapid onset of absorption. The diazepam 10-mg autoinjector given intramuscularly was bioequivalent to a conventional syringe containing diazepam 10 mg. A single (10-mg) autoinjector and 2 (20-mg) diazepam autoinjectors administered simultaneously produced plasma diazepam concentrations that were essentially dose proportional.

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“…2 Diazepam has been used as a premedicant and its advantages have been discussed by D~n d e e .~ It has been shown to be more effective orally than intramu~cularly.~~~ Metoclopramide hastens its action when given by mouth but this action is reduced in the presence of opiates and atropine. 6 One of the authors has described a technique using oral metoclopramide and diazepam with a drink.' The results of this study confirms his Ophthalmic cases In the columns enumerating incidence of nausea and vomiting 1 includes incidents before operation, 2 between the end of the operation and the return to the ward and 3 in the first 6 hours after return to the ward.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%