Some Epidemiological Aspects of Infectious Hepatitis in the U. S. Army 1

Walker, Douglass W.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1945.s1-25.75

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…By the end of August 1942, the eight commercial laboratories processing blood for plasma had received a total of 559,767 units of which 32,812 (5.8 percent) had b)een lost for various reasons, including 3,094 units (0.55 percent) discarded as serologically positive (41). This proportion remained essentially the same whether blood was collected at the donor centers or overseas.…”

Section: Serologic Testing For Syphilismentioning

confidence: 65%

“…A preliminary study on 55 nontransportable casualties was limited to serial determinations of hemoglobin concentration and arterial pressure in relation to their clinical condition and course during resuscita- SHOCK 43 tion. 2 The data, like those collected in the Mediterranean theater (p. 41), indicated that the magnitude of the blood loss sustained by casualties in severe shock was far greater than had been generally appreciated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Supplying whole blood to the Armed Forces in the now imminent war, in the quantities likely to be needed, together with its safe storage and transportation, presented logistic problems of enormous proportions that simply could not be solved in the light of either the knowledge possessed or the facilities available in 1940- 41. Preservative solutions that would permit long storage periods of blood were just being developed (p.221).…”

Section: Forms Of Plasma Backgroumd Of Selection Of Plasma For the Armentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The manual on plasma (38,41) was the responsibility of Dr. Strumia and the manual on blood banks (41) of Dr. DeGowin (42).…”

Section: Preparation Of Manualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They could not be solved in the light of either the knowledge or the facilities available in 1940- 41. Preservative solutions which would permit long storage periods were just being developed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood Program in World War II. Medical Department, United States Army

Heaton¹,

Coates²,

McFetridge³

1964

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Section: Serologic Testing For Syphilismentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Forms Of Plasma Backgroumd Of Selection Of Plasma For the Armentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The manual on plasma (38,41) was the responsibility of Dr. Strumia and the manual on blood banks (41) of Dr. DeGowin (42).…”

Section: Preparation Of Manualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood Program in World War II. Medical Department, United States Army

Heaton¹,

Coates²,

McFetridge³

1964

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Mortality follow-up of the 1942 epidemic of hepatitis B in the U.S. Army

et al. 1993

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The hypothesis that adult infection with the hepatitis B virus in the United States leads to a carrier state with a high risk of primary liver cancer was tested in two ways: (a) a cohort mortality study of U.S. Army veterans given yellow fever vaccine contaminated with hepatitis B virus in 1942 and controls and (b) a case-control study comparing veterans with hepatocellular carcinoma in Veterans Affairs hospitals with matched controls with respect to receipt of contaminated vaccine in 1942. Three groups totaling 69,988 men were the subjects of the cohort study: group 1 comprised men hospitalized with hepatitis in 1942, group 2 comprised men subclinically infected in 1942 and group 3 comprised controls who entered service after the contaminated vaccine was discontinued. Hepatocellular carcinoma cases (n = 24) and control subjects (n = 63) derived from Veterans Affairs hospital discharge files were the subjects of the case-control study. Group comparisons of death rates from liver cancer were refined by expert review of records to select hepatocellular carcinoma from among all causes of death so diagnosed in the cohort study. Slightly excess mortality was found for hepatocellular carcinoma in group 2 (subclinical hepatitis B) but not for group 1 (overt hepatitis B) compared with group 3 (controls) (p = 0.08). Mortality from nonalcoholic chronic liver disease was less in group 2 than in group 3. In the case-control study, the relative risk for hepatocellular carcinoma conferred by receipt of contaminated vaccine was estimated as 3.3 (p = 0.06). We conclude from the cohort study that immunocompetent adult males rarely become carriers after hepatitis B virus infection, probably far less often than the frequently assumed rate of 5% to 10%. The small excess liver cancer mortality seen in the cohort study and the results of the case-control study are consistent, nevertheless, with the now well-established etiological role of hepatitis B virus infection in liver cancer.

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Die Krankheiten der Leber und der Gallenwege

Beckmann¹

1953

Verdauungsorgane

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Some Epidemiological Aspects of Infectious Hepatitis in the U. S. Army 1

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Blood Program in World War II. Medical Department, United States Army

Blood Program in World War II. Medical Department, United States Army

Mortality follow-up of the 1942 epidemic of hepatitis B in the U.S. Army

Die Krankheiten der Leber und der Gallenwege

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