Some elements of design and operation of a smart distribution system

Abstract

this paper relates to several specific aspects of design and operation of a 'smart' power distribution system. The emphasis is on automation in design, reliability enhancement, operations, and reconfiguration after a disturbance. The use of network incidence or connectivity matrices is shown and examples indicate the potential operational capabilities of a 'smart distribution system'. An algorithm described as a sequential feeder approach is illustrated.

An evolutionary algorithm and acceleration approach for topological design of distributed resource islands

“…In rders demand by increasing power levels, and so show demand equals or exceeds a given po a year (note that T =8760 h). T point i is given by (10), where L i demand, in kW or MW, at load po demand or loading of the system, in for T number of hours.…”

“…T of the total average annual system l survey responses described in [28]. 6 ws the percent of time that ower level L , in p.u., over The demand at every load PLmax is the highest peak oint i, and L ( T ) is the n kWh or MWh, occurring (10) he fitness function of the models, with the exceptions which correspond to those ading level in the system.…”

“…This solution increases the reliability to an annual ENS of 21.31 MWh. Table III shows the results of using the load modeled with a step-load duration method as in (10) and the ENS given by (4.b) in the same study. The solutions proposed are similar to those in Table II and previously discussed with the exception of the evaluation of the second objective function corresponding to the reliability index Energy Not Served (ENS) which is lower than in Table II.…”

“…As the SGI progresses toward implementation, it is imperative to study the design of the emerging distribution systems as an evolution of the legacy system -specifically, from the radial topology to a partially meshed network system, seemingly resembling a transmission system so as to maximize the reliability of the distributed islanded resource [6], [10,11]. One of the issues facing this study of redesigning the distribution system topology is the intractability of the problem as the size of the system grows from small to more realistic sizes [11].…”

A Survey of Smart Grid Systems on Electric Power Distribution Network and Its Impact on Reliability

“…The programmable devices allow the user to determine the device schedule" (Brown & Suryanarayanan, 2009). Smart appliances, which is part of smart devices can have two different types of smart functionality: two-way communication and control algorithms set by the smart meter (Brown et al, 2010). These two functionalities of smart appliance make it function smartly in operations.…”