Some Effects of Parole Supervision on Recidivism

Jackson, Patrick C.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a047336

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Prison releases also vary with respect to the assignment of post-release supervision. Jackson (1983) examined differences between youth offenders in California released on parole supervision and those simply discharged. No significant differences were found between the two groups with regard to overall new arrests, convictions, or time to new offenses, indicating that parole-type supervision has no effect on post-release performance compared to releases without such supervision.…”

Section: * Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several important considerations should be noted. First, as in Gottfredson et al (1982) but not Jackson (1983), the present study involves adults and not juveniles, and recidivating was restricted to an operational definition of returning to prison and would not consider rearrest. Also, selection effects may well influence group differences and similarities.…”

Section: * Recidivism In Oklahomamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Who Returns to Prison? A Survival Analysis of Recidivism among Adult Offenders Released in Oklahoma, 1985 – 2004

Spivak

Damphousse

2006

Justice Research and Policy

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Identifying and evaluating the influence of factors that predict offenders' post-release performance is central to the study of recidivism. In this project, 60,536 adult prison releases from the Oklahoma Department of Corrections between 1985 and 1999 were tracked until May 31, 2004. Recidivism was measured as a return to incarceration and cases were analyzed with a Cox Proportional Hazards Survival Regression, which allowed for the assessment of the relative hazards of returning to prison over time. Predictor variables included offense type, release type (probation, parole, discharge), number of prior incarcerations, sentence length, time served in prison, security classification, education, age, sex, and race. A greater hazard of recidivism was associated with being a property offender (as opposed to a drug, violent, or sex offender), being released to probation (as opposed to being discharged), having a violent offense history, having a greater number of past incarcerations, and being young, male, and a racial minority. Sentence length and time served in prison had weak (but significant) associations with recidivism, while security classification and proportion of sentence served (as proxies for institutional performance) indicated modestly positive, significant relationships.

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Section: * Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: * Recidivism In Oklahomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Returns to Prison? A Survival Analysis of Recidivism among Adult Offenders Released in Oklahoma, 1985 – 2004

Spivak

Damphousse

2006

Justice Research and Policy

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“…Burkhart reported that the program resulted in fewer parole violations and commitments to prison than the control. Jackson (1983) also reported on parole in California, finding that youths who were randomly assigned to an early discharge from parole did not differ in recidivism from those receiving conventional parole supervision.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Should be linked with that study. 1983) is coded as RCT but it is a commentary on theBerg et al (1983a,b) randomized field trial Jackson (1983). is a randomized field trial conducted in the USal.…”

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confidence: 99%

Research Note: Randomized field experiments published in the British Journal of Criminology, 1960–2004

2006

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Randomized controlled trials have become an important component of evidence-based policy in criminal justice. Because searches of electronic bibliographic databases often miss relevant trials, handsearch Y or the visual inspection of the contents of an article Y is recommended as an additional search strategy. In this paper, we conducted an electronic handsearch of every available issue of the British Journal of Criminology (1960Y2004) to determine how many randomized field experiments were published. We compare these results to earlier manual handsearch efforts to augment the Campbell Collaboration Social, Psychological, Educational and Criminological Trials Register (C2-SPECTR). We find only nine trials (although two used quasi-random allocation such as alternation), and just one published in the past 20 years. We discuss some possible reasons for this, and conclude with a modest agenda for improving the reporting of evidence in the age of evidence-based policy.

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“…Like the diversion literature, parole/probation evaluations tend to show rather modest results, where it is difficult to ascertain what was done from a therapeutic standpoint (Erwin 1986;Gottfredson, Mitchell-Herzefeld, and Flanagan 1982;Jackson 1983;Lichtman and Smock 1981;Petersilia, Turner, Kahan, and Peterson 1985;Petersilia, Turner, and Peterson 1986). Of these studies the most potent results in favor of parole and probation were described by Erwin (1986).…”

Section: Parole~probationmentioning

confidence: 99%