Some Effects of Fungicides and Other Agrochemicals on the Microbiology of the Aerial Surfaces of Plants

Hislop, E. C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-215050-0.50005-9

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 75 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Reduction of the saprophytic mycoflora by fungicides (Hislop, 1976) may have less consequences for the development of diseases caused by pathogens which are sensitive to the fungicides applied. But pathogens which are not sensitive.…”

Section: Antagonism Of Phyllosphere Saprophytes Towards Cereal Leaf Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Fungicides on the Microbial Balance in the Phyllosphere1

Fokkema¹,

Nooij²

1981

EPPO Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The sensitivity to fungicides of saprophytic fungi colonizing cereal leaves (mainly ←pink→ yeasts, Sporobolomyces spp.; ← white → yeasts, Cryptococcus spp.; Aureobasidium pullulans and Cladosporium spp.) is discussed. Fungicides like dithiocarbamates, captafol, benzimidazoles and tridemorph reduce the saprophytic microflora, while others have little or no effect. The fungicides are mostly effective for 2–3 weeks after the treatment. When evaluating the consequences of a disturbance of the microbial balance we should realize that the saprophytes are able to antagonize a number of necrotrophic pathogens of cereal leaves and ears (Cochliobolus sativus, Septoria nodorum, Fusarium culmorum, Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides, Colletotrichum graminicola). This antagonism is based on nutrient competition, which reduces the superficial development of the pathogen before penetration, resulting in a reduction of infection of about 50 % or more. This interaction seems particularly important when saprophytes compete successfully for extraneous nutrients from pollen grains or aphid honeydew, which will otherwise stimulate infection.

show abstract

Section: Antagonism Of Phyllosphere Saprophytes Towards Cereal Leaf Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Fungicides on the Microbial Balance in the Phyllosphere1

Fokkema¹,

Nooij²

1981

EPPO Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Except for Chang (4), Eggins & Malik (11) and Hedger & Hudson (14), few ecological studies of thermophilous fungi have resorted to physiological work in order to explain the occurrence and activities of the fungi isolated. Fungicides, other biocides and atmospheric pollutants all modify the leaf surface and the microbial population that it supports (15,24). Such modifications were seen in the ecological studies (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of fungicides on the growth rates of thermophilous fungi

Kuthubutheen

Pugh

1977

Mycopathologia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of the fungicides Captan, Dicloran, Thiram, Verdasan and mercuric chloride (HgCh) on the radial and mycelial growth rates Of therrnophilous fungi isolated from living green leaves were studied. On control plates Thermoascus aurantiacus and Torula thermophila had the highest radial growth rates while Malbranchea pulchella vat. sulfurea and Talaromyees duponti had the lowest growth rates. Good sporulation was seen on all control plates.With increasing concentrations of fungicides the growth rates were correspondingly retarded and sporulation was reduced. At het higher fungicide concentrations the hyphal tips and young hyphae were thicker and warty or granulated.Of the fungi studies, Aspergillus and Mucor pusillus were the most tolerant species; they were capable of growth in more concentrations of fungicides compared with the other species. Talaromyces duponti and Therrnomyces lanuginosus emerged as the most sensitive species.Most marked reductions in the growth rates were produced by Thiram and Verdasan than by the other fungicides. All the ten thermophilous species studied were capable of growth with more concentrations of HgC12 than with the organo mercurial Verdasan.Six of the ten thermophilous species studied showed higher radial growth rates compared with the two fastest growing mesophilic species studied;

show abstract

“…However, it is also possible that one of the fungicides employed may have increased leaf duration, as the leaves in this treatment remained green for longest. Such a difference could be caused by the inhibition of saprophytic leaf surface fungi by the fungicide, as suggested by Dickinson (1973) and Hislop (1976), or be caused by a direct growth regulator effect of the fungicide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and light interception in field bean (Vicia faba) infected by Ascochyta fabae

Madeira¹,

Clark

Rossall³

1994

J. Agric. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

S U M M A R YThe effects of inoculation by Ascochyta fabae Speg. on growth and light interception in field bean (Vicia faba L.) were studied. Measurements were made in a field trial using cv. Ticol, a cultivar vulnerable to this disease during early vegetative growth and at the beginning of the flowering stage. Infection reduced leaf area duration, light interception and dry matter yield of energy (light use efficiency) and, consequently, the dry matter production of the crop. Reductions in seed yield ranged from 12 to 30% compared with a prophylactic fungicide treatment.

show abstract

Some Effects of Fungicides and Other Agrochemicals on the Microbiology of the Aerial Surfaces of Plants

Cited by 14 publications

References 75 publications

The Effect of Fungicides on the Microbial Balance in the Phyllosphere1

The Effect of Fungicides on the Microbial Balance in the Phyllosphere1

The effects of fungicides on the growth rates of thermophilous fungi

Growth and light interception in field bean (Vicia faba) infected by Ascochyta fabae

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About