Some comments on the need for mathematics in estimating bias

Norcliffe, A.; Porteous, Hugh L.

doi:10.1080/768370956

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Among all three firm classes over the entire study period, the analysis of variance shows significant variation in persistence rates (F ϭ 191.57, p Ͻ 0.001). The persistence rates among firm size classes do not strictly conform to the equal variances assumption, however minor departures are permitted when sample numbers are large enough and groups are of equal size, as is the case here (Clark & Hosking, 1986;Norcliffe, 1977). The residuals show moderate negative skewness, owing to three low outliers amongst the small firm size class.…”

Section: Firm Size Business Cycles and Transience In Ontariomentioning

confidence: 68%

Small is Transient: Housebuilding Firms in Ontario, Canada 1978-98

Buzzelli

Harris

2003

Housing Studies

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The North American housebuilding industry has been neglected in urban and housing studies. Its firm size structure and instability have long been cause for concern, but have rarely been given more than anecdotal treatment. This paper examines the transience of housebuilders in Ontario from 1978 to 1998. Using a census of builders provided by the Ontario New Home Warranty Program, the industry's firm membership is found to be extremely transient. Most transience comes by way of new firm formation and permanent firm exits from the market, while a small cohort of builders withdraw from and re-enter the market on a regular basis. The business cycle speeds and slows these processes but flux is due primarily to the annual turnover of small builders. To reduce transience, policy makers must decide between slowing entry and perhaps raising industry concentration or allowing continued firm entry and probably transience.

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Section: Firm Size Business Cycles and Transience In Ontariomentioning

confidence: 68%

Small is Transient: Housebuilding Firms in Ontario, Canada 1978-98

Buzzelli

Harris

2003

Housing Studies

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“…In the construction of frequency distribution tables, Norcliffe [35] method was used to determine the number of classes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 4 shows that household sizes in the study area were grouped into three, according to Norcliffe [35] method of classification, namely 1-5, 6-10, 11 & above with 14%, 26% and 60% of the total respondents respectively. The result indicates that the third group (11 & above) with more than 10 persons per household has the highest number of respondents.…”

Section: Household Size Of the Respondents In The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Social Vulnerability of Households to Floods in Niger State, Nigeria

Eze

Vogel

Ibrahim

2018

ILSHS

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Flood is known to cause devastating livelihood impacts, suffering and economic damages. To reduce the impact of floods, it is very important to identify and understand the socio-economic factors that determine people’s ability to cope with stress or change. Consequently, the study assesses the social vulnerability of the households to floods in Niger State, in order to provide the empirical evidence necessary for flood adaptation policies and strategies in the state. The data for the research were obtained from the household survey and Dartmouth Flood Observatory. The data obtained were analysed using descriptive and statistical analysis. The results show that flood events in the study area were caused by heavy rainfall, compounded by the opening of the Shiroro dam gate to release the excess flood in the reservoir. Moreover, results of Student “t” test and One-Way Analysis of Variance on socio-economic characteristics show that households’ major economic activities, educational status, household size, income distribution, and membership of cooperative society were significant at p < .05. Since the household respondents who depend primarily on farming, do not have formal education, family size > 10, do not belong to cooperative society and earn less that N21000 per month have higher mean frequency, thus, the predominant households were, therefore, farmers, illiterate, have large family size, poor, and have no access to loan. Thus, the socio-economic characteristics of the households in the study area contribute to their vulnerability to floods by reducing their coping capacity. Based on the results of the assessment, it is recommended that measures are taken to mainstream flood adaptation (livelihood diversification through finance and technical assistance like loans and capacity building) into the development process.

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Some comments on the need for mathematics in estimating bias

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Small is Transient: Housebuilding Firms in Ontario, Canada 1978-98

Small is Transient: Housebuilding Firms in Ontario, Canada 1978-98

Assessment of Social Vulnerability of Households to Floods in Niger State, Nigeria

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