Some Chloritic Clay Minerals of Unusual Type

313

187

Section: Alkaline Soilsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…That bonding is involved rather than a blocking action is supported by the occurrence of swelling chlorite (Stephen and MacEwan, 1951). The amount of negative charge on the silicate layers should determine the bonding of material in the "brucite" layer to the silicate layers.…”

Section: Effect On Swellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxy Interlayers in Expansible Layer Silicates

Rich

1968

313

187

“…Corrensite has been found with evaporite rocks, in particular in Permo-Triassic evaporitic sequences (Lippmann, 1954(Lippmann, , 1956MartinVivaldi and MacEwan, 1957;Grim et at., 1960;Fournier, 1961;Maurel, 1962;Kubler, 1963;Kopp and Fallis, 1974), and with carbonates (Eardley et al, 1956;Bradley and Weaver, 1956;Peterson, 1961;Esquevin and Kulbicki, 1963). It commonly occurs in volcanogenic sequences and associated clastic sediments (Stephen and MacEwan, 1951;Kubler, 1973;Iijima and Utada, 1971;Wilson, 1971;Kubler et aL, 1974;Pevear and Whitney, 1982). Similar material has been reported in mafic intrusions (Sigvaldason and White, 1961;Harvey and Beck, 1962;Tomasson and Kristmannsdottir, 1972;Blatter et al, 1973;Furbish, 1975).…”

Section: Trioctahedral Clay Diagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons Between the Diagenesis of Dioctahedral and Trioctahedral Smectite, Brazilian Offshore Basins

Chang

Mackenzie

Schoonmaker

1986

142

Abstract--Burial diagenetic reactions of di-and trioctahedral clay minerals were compared in Brazilian offshore, basinal sediment sequences of Cretaceous age. Originally dioctahedral smectite-rich shales of three basins --Potiguar, Ceara, and llha de Santana --exhibited the classical smectite-to-illite burial pattern. Trioctahedral clay-rich shales and trioctahedral clay-mineral cements in sandstones, however, showed a burial sequence of saponite to mixed-layer chlorite/saponite with progressive increase in the percentage of chlorite layers with increasing burial depth.The change from disordered to ordered interstratifications of chlorite/saponite occurred in the temperature range 60%-70~ at a vitrinite reflectance value of about 0.65. These values are lower than those found for the ordering of illite/smectite clays. Increasing substitution of Al for Si in tetrahedral sites, followed by fixation of interlayer hydroxide sheets was found to be the major chemical change promoting transformation of saponite to chlorite via corrensite.

“…Several major types of swelling chlorite have been described in the past. One type is illustrated by the first descriptions of a swelling chlorite by Honeyborne (1951) and by Stephen and MacEwan (1951). This mineral appears to be a chlorite which can take on a monomolecular layer of glycerol adjacent to the hydroxide sheet in the interlayer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swelling Chlorite in a Soil of the Dominican Republic

Rich

1975

Abstraet--A 1-0"2/am fraction from a soil in the Dominican Republic was studied by X-ray diffraction combined with solvation, cation saturation, and heat treatments. I.R., thermal (DTA, TGA) and chemical analyses were also made. This soil is saline and alkaline and its mineral composition is greatly influenced by the lacustrine parent material and poor drainage.In addition to swelling chlorite, illite, kaolinite, carbonates and quartz are present in the 1-0.2/am fraction. The swelling chlorite expanded to over 18/~ when Mg saturated and solvated with glycerol or water. Lower spacings with other cations and ethylene glycol were observed. 1 N HC1 treatment partially removed the interlayer hydroxides in the chlorite and 6 N HCI destroyed the mineral. The mineral gave a reflection close to 14 A up through 600~ but collapsed at higher temperatures to 10.2 A.