Some Chemical Constituents of Swertia chirata.

Pant, Neeraj; Jain, D. C.; Bhakuni, R. S.

doi:10.1002/chin.200303205

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Early studies documented the presence of flavonoids, xanthones, terpenoids, iridoid and secoiridoid glycosides in the S. chirata plant 6. Phytochemical investigations on the bioactive methanolic extracts of the defatted aerial part of the S. chirata plant led to the isolation of the mangiferin (A) along with various secoiridoid glycosides, i.e.…”

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Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric study and analysis of xanthone and secoiridoid glycoside composition of Swertia chirata, a potent antidiabetic

Suryawanshi

Mehrotra

Asthana

et al. 2006

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Swertia chirata is a bitter plant, used in the Indian system of medicine (Ayurveda) for various human ailments. The bioactive constituents include the xanthone and secoiridoid glycosides consisting of mangiferin, amarogentin, amaroswerin, sweroside and swertiamarin. Methanolic extracts of S. chirata possess constituents with antidiabetic activities, which was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS). Preliminary HPLC analyses were performed on a reversed-phase C18 column using gradient elution. In the LC/ESI-MS spectra, predominant [M+H]+ and [M+Na]+ ions were observed in positive ion mode and provided molecular mass information. The five components of S. chirata were structurally correlated and confirmed based on the fragmentation characteristics and information available in the literature. The fragmentation behavior of [M+H]+/[M+Na]+ ions of these components were deduced from the collision-induced dissociation (CID) spectra obtained from the selective on-column information-dependant acquisition (IDA) approach. Xanthone-C-glycoside showed characteristic fragment ions due to fragmentation in the C-glycosidic unit while iridoid-O-glycosides showed characteristic fragment ions due to cleavage in the glycoside linkage and retro-Diels-Alder (RDA) cleavage within an iridoid aglycone. Furthermore, on the basis of this information, an analytical assay was developed and validated to determine relative concentrations of mangiferin, amarogentin, amaroswerin, sweroside and swertiamarin. The detection was carried out using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in positive ionization mode with a total analysis time of 3.5 min. The method was successfully applied to standardize four different batches of herbal preparation on the basis of relative concentration of five bioactive components.

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confidence: 99%

Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric study and analysis of xanthone and secoiridoid glycoside composition of Swertia chirata, a potent antidiabetic

Suryawanshi

Mehrotra

Asthana

et al. 2006

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…Previous studies have determined the effects of flavonoids extracted from L. rotatum, particularly decussatin, which has been shown to inhibit the growth of HEP-G2 hepatoma cells, resulting in reduced blood glucose levels and a decrease in Hypolipidemic effects of flavonoids extracted from Lomatogonium rotatum depression, leukemia and tuberculosis (8,9). However, studies regarding the hypolipidemic effects of the following flavonoids: 1-hydroxy-3,5,8-trimethoxyxanthone, methyl swertiamarin and 6,8-dihydroxy-1,2-dimethoxyxanthone are rare (10)(11)(12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Hypolipidemic effects of flavonoids extracted from Lomatogonium rotatum

Zhang

Wang

2016

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. Contained in the Mongolian volumes of Chinese Materia Medica, Lomatogonium rotatum Fries ex Nym. may reduce blood lipid levels and prevent obesity; however, its exact mechanism of action remains unclear. The present study investigated the hypolipidemic and obesity-inhibiting effects of four similarly structured flavonoids extracted from L. rotatum. According to a well-established method, flavonoids such as decussatin were extracted from the whole herb of L. rotatum, and male Wistar rats were subsequently fed a high-fructose diet supplemented with flavonoids (20 mg/kg) for 12 weeks. The levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were detected. In addition, hepatic and epididymal adipose tissues were weighed, and levels of blood glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, non-esterified fatty acid, insulin and leptin were determined. The mRNA expression levels of fatty acid synthase (FAS) were analyzed using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; whereas FAS, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and threonine-172 phosphorylated AMPK protein levels were detected by western blotting. The epididymal adipose tissues of rats fed with flavonoids were lighter, as compared with those fed with fructose in the model group. Following a 12-week administration of flavonoids, the serum levels of fasting blood glucose, feeding blood glucose and leptin were decreased. Furthermore, flavonoid treatment reduced TG and cholesterol levels in the blood and increased serum HDL-C levels, as compared with the model group. High-fructose diet administration significantly increased FAS mRNA and protein expression levels, whereas the FAS protein levels of flavonoid-treated rats were markedly reduced.The flavonoid compounds also enhanced threonine-172 phosphorylation of AMPK in the liver lysate, and all flavonoids successfully downregulated leptin levels and the majority decreased the relative weights of epididymal adipose tissue. Therefore, flavonoids may function in a similar way to epigallocatechin gallate, which has previously been shown to inhibit FAS activity by stimulating AMPK in hepatocyte cells via the liver kinase B1 pathway.

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“…Swertia products have long been used for medical and cosmetic purposes. Chemical constituents of the Swertia genus have been reviewed [3][4][5]. Many herbs including S. chirayita have been shown to have hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antihepatotoxic, anticarcinogenic, and antimicrobial activities [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%