Some chemical and biochemical changes in straw constituents during growth of Pleurotus flabellatus (Berk &amp; Br) Sacc

Rajarathnam, S.; Wankhede, D. B.; Patwardhan, M. V.

doi:10.1007/bf00510274

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Whereas the decrease in cellulose and hemicellulose contents per unit time was prominent during fructification phase of 3 days (3.8% of cellulose and 2.8% of hemicellulose) compared to 4 and 2% respectively during the spawn run phase of 12 days. This observation is similar to the findings of Rajarathnam et al (1979bRajarathnam et al ( , 1987, wherein the lignin degradation is a prerequisite to easy access of cellulose and hemicellulose for degradation. Accordingly, lignin degradation is more active during the spawn run phase of 12 days; whereas, the active degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose during fructification phase of 3 days corroborates with the active metabolism of the mushroom mycelium in the construction of the fruiting bodies.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Protease activity was prominent during fructification, reflecting on its profound role in construction of the mushroom fruiting bodies, since, protein constitutes the second abundant component of the mushroom next to carbohydrates (Rajarathnam et al 1998). These observations are similar to those of P. flabellatus on rice straw (Rajarathnam et al 1979b(Rajarathnam et al , 1987. Ragunathan et al (1996) have recorded a BCE of maximum 30% for Pleurotus sajor-caju, by pre-treating coir pith in water for 4-5 h followed by a dip in boiling water for 30 min.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

“…As evident, the ratio of 0.75 of coir pith appears to be the limiting value, whereas 0.94 obviously works out as the critical value, and any value above 0.94 favors the production of optimum mushroom yields. Relatively higher mushroom yields on horse gram plant residue/its amendment of coir pith, obviously appear to be related to the high protein content of horse gram plant residue, as it is well documented that organic proteinaceous nitrogen of growth substrate influence in the enhancement of the mushroom yields (Rajarathnam et al 1979b;Zakia Bano et al 1993).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Total sugars, free amino acids and phenolics of the freeze-dried samples were extracted in 70% alcohol (Rajarathnam et al 1979b) and estimated according to the methods of Dubois et al (1956), Suzuki (1982) and Swain and Hillis (1959) respectively. Cellulose and hemicellulose(s) were determined according to Updegraff (1969) and Wankhede and Tharanathan (1976) respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioconversion and biotransformation of coir pith for economic production of Pleurotus florida: chemical and biochemical changes in coir pith during the mushroom growth and fructification

Shashirekha

Rajarathnam

2007

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Coir pith represents~50% of the waste from the coir industries and was tested for its potential in serving as a growth substrate for the production of species of oyster mushroom, Pleurotus florida. Due to its high lignin (~48%) content and amorphous powdery nature, coir pith supported poor mushroom mycelial growth and yields were considerably low (~25% bioconversion efficiency). Pre-treating coir pith with hot water did not prove economical to produce the mushroom yields. Acid swelling and alkali delignification of coir pith though served to change the structure of coir pith; the mushroom yields were not improved. Amendment of coir pith with rice (Oryza sativa) straw and horse gram (Dolichos biflorus) plant residue tended to greatly modify the physical characteristics of the inoculated mushroom bed. Such a supplementation of coir pith growth substrate resulted in production of mushroom yields with 110-125% bioconversion efficiency. Implications of supplementing coir pith with rice straw/horse gram plant residue in terms of holocellulose:lignin ratio are discussed. Sensorially, the mushrooms so produced did not differ from that on rice straw, the economic growth substrate recommended for production of the mushroom yields on commercial scale. Changes in cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contents of coir pith amended with rice straw were studied. Cellulase, hemicellulase and protease enzyme activities in the amended coir pith substrate showed a continuous increase from inoculation till the end of fructification, whereas laccase activity decreased during fructification, in consonance with decreased lignin degradation during fructification.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioconversion and biotransformation of coir pith for economic production of Pleurotus florida: chemical and biochemical changes in coir pith during the mushroom growth and fructification

Shashirekha

Rajarathnam

2007

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…The white oyster mushroom P florida was cultured on chopped rice straw according to Rajarathnam et al 13 and harvested on the third day of pinhead formation, before shedding of the basidiospores.…”

Section: Materials and Methods Fresh Mushroomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical changes associated with mushroom browning in Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach and Pleurotus florida (Block & Tsao): commercial implications

2003

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Biochemical changes associated with mushroom browning in Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus florida were studied. With increasing storage temperature from 0 to 25 • C there was an increase in phenol oxidase activity up to 15 • C followed by a decrease at 25 • C in both mushrooms. Loss of water content in fresh mushrooms had a direct relationship with phenol oxidase activity, which could be correlated with the visual degree of mushroom browning. A bisporus displayed higher phenol oxidase activity, about two to three times that of P florida. The phenol oxidase activity in both mushroom varieties was studied on a range of phenolic compounds with diverse functional groups. A bisporus exhibited intense reactions to tyrosine and catechol, while P florida did so to guaiacol and catechol. The two mushrooms differed in the degree of their oxidation reactions relative to the functional groups. In A bisporus the skin had more phenolics than the flesh; P florida contained fewer phenolics, while the stalks of both mushrooms had low phenolics contents. FTIR spectral studies of intact mushrooms during browning showed a characteristic decrease in phenolic hydroxyls; first-derivative spectra were used to assess relative peak intensities. Of the chemicals tested for their effect on phenol oxidase activity, 0.1 M sodium carbonate favoured the immediate development of an orange chromogen in P florida, while mild alkaline solutions favoured the enzyme activity, and acidic solutions at the 0.1 M level completely inhibited the browning reaction in both mushrooms.

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Successive cultivation of selected cellulolytic fungi on rice straw and wheat bran for economic production of cellulases and D-xylanase

Shamala

Sreekantiah

1987

Enzyme and Microbial Technology

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Some chemical and biochemical changes in straw constituents during growth of Pleurotus flabellatus (Berk & Br) Sacc

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

Bioconversion and biotransformation of coir pith for economic production of Pleurotus florida: chemical and biochemical changes in coir pith during the mushroom growth and fructification

Bioconversion and biotransformation of coir pith for economic production of Pleurotus florida: chemical and biochemical changes in coir pith during the mushroom growth and fructification

Biochemical changes associated with mushroom browning in Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach and Pleurotus florida (Block & Tsao): commercial implications

Successive cultivation of selected cellulolytic fungi on rice straw and wheat bran for economic production of cellulases and D-xylanase

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