Some cardiovascular and metabolic effects of repeated sauna bathing

Leppäluoto, Juhani; Tuominen, M.; Väänänen, Antti; Karpakka, Jarmo; Vuor, J.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1986.tb07952.x

Cited by 56 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…A statistically significant difference (p = 0.0105) in BML [%] was observed between the sexes (0.60% and 0.63%, respectively). The average BML [kg] in our research was similar to that reported in men in other studies [23,33,42], but lower than that noted by Pilch et al [32]. The fact that women lost less body mass [kg] could be attributed to the fact that females are generally characterized by lower levels of total body water (48 ± 6%) [44] and a higher content of adipose tissue, which reduces sweating, evaporation and BML [kg] [12,14].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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Sauna-induced body mass loss in physically inactive young women and men

Podstawski

Boraczyński

et al. 2016

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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SummaryStudy aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between basic somatic features (body mass and height) and body mass loss in physically inactive young women and men exposed to thermal stress in a dry sauna. Materials and methods:The research was conducted in 2015 on 685 first-year full-time students (333 women, 352 men), aged 19-20 years old. Nude body mass was measured after the students dried off before and after using the sauna.Results: An analysis of regression equations indicated that an increase in the body mass of women and men leads to a significant increase in sauna-induced body mass loss. On the other hand, body mass loss decreased with an increase in height in women and men, but to a smaller extent. From among the tested somatic features, body height and body mass, body mass had a decisive influence on body mass loss. Body height had a minimal and statistically non-significant impact on body mass loss. Conclusions:The results of this study indicate that heavier individuals have an increased risk of dehydration and hyperthermia. Therefore, they should pay close attention to replenishing fluids lost in the sauna. The determination of body mass loss values after a visit to a dry sauna has practical significance because it supports the estimation of the fluid volume required for the maintenance of correct water balance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Temperatures between of 80 and 90°C at face level are considered optimal for most people [23]. The composition of the human body changes under such thermal conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sauna-induced body mass loss in physically inactive young women and men

Podstawski

Boraczyński

et al. 2016

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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“…The results obtained for evaluation of the effect of body overheating on TAG levels are inconsistent. Both, lack of the effect of sauna on TAG levels [32], and elevated TAG levels after a single sauna session in the male subjects [33] have been reported. The present study found a small and statistically insignificant increase in HDL cholesterol fraction level.…”

Section: Effect Of Sauna Bathing On Lipid Profile In Men O R I G I N mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of sauna bathing on lipid profile in young, physically active, male subjects

Gryka¹,

Pilch²,

Silva³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate effects of Finnish sauna bathing on lipid profile in healthy, young men. Material and Methods: Sixteen male subjects (20-23 years) were subjected to 10 sauna bathing sessions in a Finnish sauna every 1 or 2 days. The mean sauna temperature was 90±2°C, while humidity was 5-16%. Each session consisted of three 15-minute parts and a 2-minute cool-down between them. The following measurements were taken before and after the sauna sessions: body mass, heart rate, body skinfold thickness. The percentage fat content and then, the lean body mass were calculated. Total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, lipoprotein cholesterol LDL and HDL were measured in blood samples. Results: A statistically significant decrease of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol was observed during 3 weeks of sauna treatment and in the week afterwards. A significant decline in triacylglycerols was found directly after the 1st and 24 h directly after the 10th sauna session. After the 10th sauna session the level of HDL cholesterol remained slightly increased, but this change was not statistically significant. A decrease in blood plasma volume was found directly after the 1st and the last sauna bathing session due to perspiration. An adaptive increase in blood plasma volume was also found after the series of 10 sauna sessions. Conclusions: Ten complete sauna bathing sessions in a Finnish sauna caused a reduction in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol fraction levels during the sessions and a gradual return of these levels to the initial level during the 1st and the 2nd week after the experiment. A small, statistically insignificant increase in HDL-C level and a transient decline in triacylglycerols were observed after those sauna sessions. The positive effect of sauna on lipid profile is similar to the effect that can be obtained through a moderate-intensity physical exercise.

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“…In sport, it is very often used as one of the training modalities [7][8][9][10][11][12]. It activates many body systems, including the endocrine system [4,[13][14][15][16][17]. The increase in the carbohydrates utilization, being a result of the increase in lactates concentration under thermal stress, was observed by many researchers [13,14,[18][19][20] and it can be explained by increased glycolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the lipid profile of blood serumin women taking sauna baths of various duration

Pilch¹,

Szyguła²,

Klimek³

et al. 2010

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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Objectives: There is little information on lipid metabolism after sauna treatment in the literature. The present research is aimed to determine the influence of sauna baths on fat metabolism in young women. Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy, eumenhorreic, female volunteers (19-21 yr old) were exposed to Finnish sauna bath seven times every second day. In group I (n = 10) each time the sauna treatment lasted 30 min, whereas in group II (n = 10) 40 min with 5-minute break to cool down. Body mass, heart rate and blood pressure were measured before and after sauna bath. Rectal temperature was monitored during stay in sauna room. Prior to the sauna bath and during its last two minutes the minute oxygen uptake and the level of CO 2 exhalation were analyzed in the exhaled air, and the respiratory quotient RQ was calculated. In the blood samples collected before the sauna bath and immediately afterwards hematocrit, hemoglobin, and lipid profiletotal lipids, free fatty acids, total free fatty acids, triacylglycerols, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipids (HDL), low density lipids (LDL) were analyzed. Results: Rectal temperature was lower in the last sauna bath than in the first one. Losses of plasma were greater during the seventh bath than during the first one. Acceleration of the metabolism of lipids occurs after every sauna bath. A reduced level of TC and LDLC and a raised level of HDL was observed after repeated sauna baths. Conclusion: After 2 weeks of repeated sauna session some changes in total cholesterol and concentration of LDLC were observed, while concentration of HDLC increased after 7th sauna bath in group I. Those kinds of changes may be good prognoses of ischemic heart disease prevention, but further research on the influence of sauna on fat metabolism is needed.

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Some cardiovascular and metabolic effects of repeated sauna bathing

Cited by 56 publications

References 7 publications

Sauna-induced body mass loss in physically inactive young women and men

Sauna-induced body mass loss in physically inactive young women and men

The effect of sauna bathing on lipid profile in young, physically active, male subjects

Changes in the lipid profile of blood serumin women taking sauna baths of various duration

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