Some Aspects of the Relative Efficiencies of Indian Languages.

Ramakrishna, Baddukonda Appala

doi:10.2307/2334185

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Hence, these word lists can be considered psychometrically equivalent word lists. In addition, the frequency of occurrence of low-frequency words was similar to the published literature on Hindi [24,25]. Appendix 1 provides details of the word lists.…”

Section: Generating Word Lists With Equal Difficulty Levelsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Development and Standardization Of Auditory Low-Frequency Word Lists in Hindi

Barman¹,

Prabhu²,

Narne³

et al. 2016

J Hear Sci

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Background: Conventionally, it is believed that high-frequency auditory information is important for speech understanding. This is only partly true, as recent studies have demonstrated the importance of low-frequency information. This research was taken up to develop, standardize, and validate auditory low-frequency word lists in Hindi, an Indian language. Material and methods:The first phase of the study involved collection of bisyllabic words followed by verification by a native linguist. Words were then short-listed based on familiarity ratings given by 10 adult native speakers; those words were recorded and the best recorded words selected through subjective and objective analysis. Then, using Fast Fourier Transform and k-means clustering, words with more energy below 1.5 kHz were isolated. Finally, equally difficult 10 word lists were generated by obtaining psychometric function curves. Finally, lists were administered on 40 adult normal hearing participants at 0, 10, 20, and 30 dB sensation level (SL). The word list was also standardized on 100 Hindi speakers at 40 dB SL.Results: Results showed a similar trend of increase in speech identification scores with increase in SL across all lists except list 4. During the final phase, developed lists were validated on 10 simulated low-frequency cochlear hearing loss participants. Hearing loss was simulated using Matlab and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) software. Results of validation revealed that auditory low-frequency word lists were sensitive enough to tap the speech understanding difficulty in the simulated condition. Conclusions:The developed word lists can be used clinically to assess communication ability in individuals with rising hearing loss. The word lists also have the potential to assess the performance after amplification provided to individuals with rising hearing loss.

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Section: Generating Word Lists With Equal Difficulty Levelsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Development and Standardization Of Auditory Low-Frequency Word Lists in Hindi

Barman¹,

Prabhu²,

Narne³

et al. 2016

J Hear Sci

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“…The final list of 50 picturable bisyllabic words was randomly split into two lists, list A and B with 25 words in each list. Both lists were both phonetically and phonemically balanced based on the frequency of occurrence of phonemes in Tamil language [13]. The template for the picture pointing task consisted of four pictures that were displayed on a PowerPoint slide and displayed on Windows surf 3 tablet with a touch screen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of a Closed Set Picture Identification Test in Tamil for Children with Cochlear Implant

Prathiba

Arunachalam²,

Boominathan

2021

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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The study attempted to assess the closed set word identification abilities in children with cochlear implant (CI) with a picture identification test developed in Tamil. The test was validated on typically developing children with normal hearing (NH) to build a reference for comparison. Participants for the study included 205 children with NH between the age range of 3-6 years and 45 children with cochlear implant within the age range of 3-11 years. The picture identification test was developed using bisyllabic words with corresponding pictures in Tamil. Two lists were created with 25 words each and administered to the children with NH and CI. The scores of both the groups were analysed. The results indicated that the mean scores improved as age increased for children in the NH group. Also, there was no significant difference in performance between the two-word lists. Significant difference in scores was noted between the CI and the NH group (p \ 0.01). However, the mean scores in the CI group increased as the experience with CI increased. The picture identification test in Tamil is deemed appropriate to elicit closed set word identification responses for children with CI between the age of 3-6 years. The test will provide supplemental information for mapping and to plan habilitation for children with CI.

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“…Phonemic balancing was done to make sure that each list was capable of yielding results representative of the subject's ability in language comprehension. The sentences in each list were phonemically balanced as close as possible using the frequency of occurrence of the phonemes in the Kannada language [24]. In total, 30 tentative lists of 10 sentences each were prepared and each list was optimised based on phonemic balance.…”

Section: Assessment Of Sentence Equivalencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In total, 30 tentative lists of 10 sentences each were prepared and each list was optimised based on phonemic balance. This was done by finding out the frequency of occurrence of different phonemes of the key words in the sentences and matching this to their frequency of occurrence in Kannada given by Ramakrishna et al [24].…”

Section: Assessment Of Sentence Equivalencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the 30 sentence lists contained all the speech sounds of the language. Of these, 25 lists could be phonemically balanced, i.e., the frequency of occurrence of speech sounds resembled the frequency of occurrence reported by Ramakrishna et al [24]. The remaining 16 of the 316 sentences, not included in the sentence lists, were used for familiarisation.…”

Section: Phase 1: Development Of Sentence Lists In Kannadamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and standardisation of the sentence identification test in the Kannada language

Geetha¹,

Kumar²,

Manjula³

et al. 2014

J Hear Sci

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Background: The present study aimed to develop and standardise the sentence identification test in the Kannada language. This study used a normative research design that included development and standardisation of sentence tests. Material and methods:A total of 700 sentences in the Kannada language, selected from various sources, were evaluated for naturalness, predictability, and equivalency by 33 participants. Sentences considered to be natural, low in predictability, and equivalent were used to construct 30 lists of 10 sentences each. Standardisation of the material and list equivalency were assessed on 100 listeners with normal hearing ability.Results: Based on ratings of naturalness and predictability, 564 sentences were considered as highly natural and of low predictability. Of these, 316 were found to have equal difficulty based on a performance-SNR function and were used to construct 30 lists. Repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests revealed Lists 1, 3, 15, 16, and 30 to be significantly different from at least one of the other lists. After removing these lists, the mean identification score for the final 25 lists at -5 dB SNR was 54%. Conclusions:The sentence identification test in Kannada for adults consists of 25 homogenous lists. The normative for the same is also given in the study. Its application is being assessed for hearing evaluation in the clinical population.

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Some Aspects of the Relative Efficiencies of Indian Languages.

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Development and Standardization Of Auditory Low-Frequency Word Lists in Hindi

Development and Standardization Of Auditory Low-Frequency Word Lists in Hindi

Performance of a Closed Set Picture Identification Test in Tamil for Children with Cochlear Implant

Development and standardisation of the sentence identification test in the Kannada language

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