Some Aspects of Groundwater Resources Management in Transboundary Areas

Abstract

According to UN experts, by 2030, about half of the world's population will suffer from a shortage of fresh water, which may cause future hostilities and conflicts. In this regard, extraction of such a valuable mineral as groundwater must be rationally managed. However, practice has shown that managing and protecting the groundwater resources is a very challenging task. As part of the analysis pertaining to the problem of legal regulation of groundwater extraction from transboundary aquifers and complexes, it is proposed to consider this aspect on the example of Russia. The problems of regulation of rational use and protection of fresh water in the bilateral agreements of the Russian Federation were identified; a methodology for managing groundwater extraction in the territory of a transboundary aquifer was developed, dimensions, parameters and factors affecting the formation of a transboundary zone were determined (using the example of research and analysis of water intake activities in the border territories of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Estonia).

The development of the soderberg electrolyzer electromagnetic field’s state monitoring system

“…In the context of transportation of oil, gas, biodiesel 54 and other components that are directly related to the cost of transportation, a number of economic factors influencing metallurgy can be identified: Prices of metal resources: Prices of steel, iron, aluminum and other metals have a direct impact on metallurgical production. Increasing prices for metals can increase the cost of production and reduce the demand for metallurgical products 1 – 3 , 10 , 16 , 45 – 49 , 55 , 56 . Demand for metallurgical products: economic growth and the construction industry can lead to an increase in demand for metallurgical products, while a recession in the economy can reduce demand 2 – 5 , 7 , 19 , 22 , 28 – 30 , 45 – 49 , 57 – 62 .…”

“… Government policy and regulation: Government regulatory measures such as taxes, legislation and customs duties can influence the stimulation or restriction of metallurgical production 2 – 5 , 7 , 11 , 12 , 14 , 23 – 25 , 27 , 38 – 44 . .International competition: Metallurgical production is a global market, and competition from other countries can put pressure on local producers 1 – 5 , 7 , 54 – 56 , 59 – 70 . …”

Mining Management of Nonmetallic Minerals and Rocks Based on Government Policy

“…Sustainable development aims to contribute to ethical business and ethical economy by mobilizing businesses, public institutions and organizations, and nongovernmental organizations, including Nonmetallic and Rock Minerals [18]. In terms of sustainable development, mining includes a transboundary government area that affects all aspects of human activity, including water supply, agriculture, industry, hydropower, water transportation, environment, and human quality of life [19]. Other research states that the supply chain in terms of metals, minerals, and rocks starts from the exploration stage, which includes searching, detailed mapping, trenching, geochemical and geophysical surveys, and initial drilling to identify mineral deposits and determine their economic potential.…”

Modeling of the Natural Objects’ Temperature Field Distribution Using a Supercomputer

“…An increase in the number of mineral water bottling enterprises and sanatorium-resort typed organizations has had a significant impact on the mineral water intake growth [1]. Irrational water withdrawal leads to a groundwater quality deterioration, chemical composition and temperature changes [2], and the growth of a depression funnel, which together can lead to the collapse of the reservoir roof and the disappearance of many unique sources [3,4]. This applies to all mineral water fields located in the region of the Caucasian Mineral Waters [5].…”