Some aspects of diagnosis, course and prediction of outcomes of a new coronavirus infection in patients with diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Introduction. By 2023 it has been detected more than 600 million cases of COVID-19. One of the most significant risk factors for the severe course of a new coronavirus infection (NCVI) is the presence of comorbid diseases, especially the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM).Aim. To investigate the laboratory and clinical features of a new coronavirus infection in people with diabetes mellitus, to identify predictors of an adverse outcome of COVID-19.Material and methods. We carried out data from medical records of 248 patients treated in “Voronezh Clinical Emergency Hospital № 10” in the departments “COVID-5” and “COVID-8”. Data collection and statistical processing were performed with Microsoft Excel 10.0 and StatSoft STATISTICA 12.0 programs.Results. The most frequent complaints of patients were general weakness, hyperthermia and dry cough. The analysis of the age characteristics revealed that the peak incidence of NCVI in hospitalized patients without DM falls on 70-79 years, with concomitant DM — on 60-69 years.Among comorbid pathologies, hypertension, coronary heart disease and chronic heart failure prevailed. The presence of these diseases is a predictor of adverse outcomes in NCVI, along with cerebrovascular diseases and anemia.Evaluation of laboratory data revealed the link of elevated levels of ferritin, C-reactive protein and D-dimer with an increased risk of death of NCVI.Conclusion. Estimation the risk factors of a fatal outcome is crucial for the choice of patient treatment tactics.