Somatostatin, cortistatin and their receptors in tumours

Volante, Marco; Rosas, Rosj; Allìa, Elena; Granata, Riccarda; Baragli, Alessandra; Muccioli, Giampiero; Papotti, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.mce.2007.12.002

Cited by 63 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 131 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…There is consensus, based on various methodologies, that among the different SSTR subtypes, sst 2 is usually the most prominent, followed by sst 1 and sst 5 , while sst 3 is less frequently expressed and sst 4 almost absent (Reubi 2003, 2004, Reubi & Waser 2003. This high and heterogeneous expression did not show any relevant correlation between the subtype(s) expressed and the primary tumor origin, or a specific hormone secretion (Reubi et al 1998b, Papotti et al 2002, Volante et al 2008.…”

Section: Sstr Expression In Endocrine Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of somatostatin and dopamine D2 receptors in endocrine tumors

Gatto¹,

Hofland²

2011

Endocrine-Related Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Somatostatin (SS) and dopamine (DA) receptors have been highlighted as two critical regulators in the negative control of hormonal secretion in a wide group of human endocrine tumors. Both families of receptors belong to the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors and share a number of structural and functional characteristics. Because of the generally reported high expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) in neuroendocrine tumors (NET), somatostatin analogs (SSA) have a pronounced role in the medical therapy for this class of tumors, especially pituitary adenomas and well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic NET (GEP NET). Moreover, NET express not only SSTR but also frequently dopamine receptors (DRs), and DA agonists targeting the D 2 receptor (D 2 ) have been demonstrated to be effective in controlling hormone secretion and cell proliferation in in vivo and in vitro studies. The treatment with SSAs combined with DA agonists has already been demonstrated efficacious in a subgroup of patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenomas and few reported cases of carcinoids. The recent availability of new selective and universal SSA and DA agonists, as well as the chimeric SS/DA compounds, may shed new light on the potential role of SSTR and D 2 as combined targets for biotherapy in NET. This review provides an overview of the latest studies evaluating the expression of SSTR and DR in NET, focusing on their co-expression and the possible clinical implications of such co-expression. Moreover, the most recent insights in SSTR and D 2 pathophysiology and the future perspectives for treatment with SSA, DA agonists, and SS/DA chimeric compounds are discussed.

show abstract

Section: Sstr Expression In Endocrine Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of somatostatin and dopamine D2 receptors in endocrine tumors

Gatto¹,

Hofland²

2011

Endocrine-Related Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We are well aware that the interpretation of SRS uptake heterogeneity is complex. It likely reflects the heterogeneity in the tumor biology in a given patient, including heterogeneity in sstr density or subtype expression (Papotti et al 2001, Kulaksiz et al 2002, Volante et al 2008. This biological heterogeneity has already been described in the setting of radioiodine uptake in metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma in which dosimetric approaches have demonstrated heterogeneity of uptake among metastases in a given patient (Sgouros et al 2004(Sgouros et al , 2011.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Frequency and characterization of gastro–entero–pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor patients with high-grade of uptake at somatostatin receptor scintigraphy

Chougnet¹,

Leboulleux²,

Caramella³

et al. 2013

Endocrine-Related Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent studies suggest that the somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) grade of uptake is a predictor of response to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). To identify and characterize patients with well-differentiated (WD) neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) displaying a high-grade uptake at SRS. Patients with WD-NEN, whose SRS films were available for review, were retrospectively included. SRS was reviewed by three independent readers and classified into four subgroups based on a modified Krenning's scale (mKS): no uptake (group-0), homogeneous grade 1-2 uptake (group-1), homogeneous grade 3-4 (group-2), and heterogeneous grade 1-4 (group-3). A simplified scale (sS) of SRS was also used to look for characteristics of patients with high-grade uptake. One hundred and six WD-NEN patients were enrolled. Group-0, group-1, group-2, and group-3 were found in 17, 8, 33, and 42% of cases respectively. High-grade uptake at sS (75% of cases) was correlated with older age, functioning NEN, high chromogranin-A level, and grade 1 (G1) NEN based on mitotic count. Based on the mKS or sS scales, no difference on survival was found. Thirty-three to seventy-five percent of metastatic NEN patients can be considered candidates for PRRT based on homogeneous or heterogeneous high-grade uptake. Functioning G1 NEN patients could be the best candidates for PRRT. Randomized trials are expected to confirm this result.

show abstract

“…[16] However, any significant association between the expressed receptors subtypes and the primary tumor site at onset is observed in relation to high and heterogeneous expression of SSTRs, or to a specific hormone secretion. [35][36][37] SSTR functioning appears different and dependent on the presence in several types of cancer cell, various distributions on cellular surface, and intrinsic features (ability of desensitization, internalization, and cross talk). [26,38] However, their activity causes a blockage of cellular survival, proliferation, differentiation, and hormone secretion, except for SSTR4, promoting cell mitosis through overregulation of Mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (MAPK/ERK1/2) pathway.…”

Section: Short Synthetic Analogues Of Somatostatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical therapy for advanced gastro-entero-pancreatic and bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors

Torniai¹,

Rinaldi²,

Morgese³

et al. 2016

JCMT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) represent a spectrum of rare neoplasms arising in different organism sites. Depending on the site of onset, they also can be distinguished using lab exams (secreting vs. nonsecreting), clinical symptoms (functioning vs. nonfunctioning), behavioral, morphological characteristics (tumor cells' architectural growth patterns, mitotic and Ki-67 index, presence of necrosis), and grade of cellular differentiation. The aim of this review is to focus on the main signaling pathways targeted by medical treatments of advanced sporadic gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) and bronchopulmonary (BP) neuroendocrine neoplasms. The scientific literature regarding treatment of advanced GEP and BP-NETs has been extensively reviewed using MEDLINE and PubMed databases, selecting principal and more recent research articles, clinical trials, and updated guidelines. Somatostatin analogues represent a valid approach to control symptoms in functioning tumors and to inhibit tumor progression in certain categories on the basis of the typical somatostatin receptor expression observed in NETs. The pathogenesis of NETs has been the subject of increased interest in recent years. Many driver mutations pathway genes have been identified as important factors in the carcinogenesis process and, therefore, as potential targets for new anticancer therapies. Activating mutations have been shown in epidermal growth factor receptor, stem cell factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor, basic-fibroblastic growth factor, transforming growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, and their receptors. Effective M-Tor inhibition pathway modulation has led to the approval of drugs in this field such as everolimus. New drugs and several combination regimens with targeted and newer biological agents are being developed and tested in recently conducted and ongoing trials.

show abstract

Somatostatin, cortistatin and their receptors in tumours

Cited by 63 publications

References 131 publications

The role of somatostatin and dopamine D2 receptors in endocrine tumors

The role of somatostatin and dopamine D2 receptors in endocrine tumors

Frequency and characterization of gastro–entero–pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor patients with high-grade of uptake at somatostatin receptor scintigraphy

Medical therapy for advanced gastro-entero-pancreatic and bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About