Somatostatin and Analogues in the Treatment of Cancer

Evers, B. Mark; Parekh, Dilipkumar; Townsend, Courtney M.; Thompson, James C.

doi:10.1097/00000658-199103000-00002

Cited by 73 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In our previous investigations, we also observed many scattered nerve fibers in meningioma and cardiac cancer, which was closely related to tumor cells. In addition, accumulated data [5][6][7] show that neuropeptides are involved in the regulation of the growth of tumors. Considering these new advancements, we decided to study the distribution of neuropeptide-containing nerve fibers in esophageal and cardiac carcinomas as well as their relationship with tumors so as to find some new proofs about tumor innervation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptidergic innervation of human esophageal and cardiac carcinoma

Zhou²,

Que³

et al. 2003

WJG

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AIM:To investigate the distribution of neuropeptideimmunoreactive nerve fibers in esophageal and cardiac carcinoma as well as their relationship with tumor cells so as to explore if there is nerve innervation in esophageal and cardiac carcinoma. METHODS:Esophageal and cardiac carcinoma specimens were collected from surgical operation. One part of them were fixed immediately with 4 % paraformaldehyde and then cut with a cryostat into 40-µm-thick sections to perform immunohistochemical analysis. Antibodies of ten kinds of neuropeptide including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), galanin (GAL), substance P (SP), etc. were used for immunostaining of nerve fibers. The other part of the tumor specimens were cut into little blocks (1 mm 3 ) and cocultured with chick embryo dorsal root ganglia (DRG) to investigate if the tumor blocks could induce the neurons of DRG to extend processes, so as to probe into the possible reasons for the nerve fibers growing into tumors. RESULTS:Substantial amounts of neuropeptide including GAL-, NPY-, SP-immunoreactive nerve bundles and scattered nerve fibers were distributed in esophageal and cardiac carcinomas. The scattered nerve fibers waved their way among tumor cells and contacted with tumor cells closely. Some of them even encircled tumor cells. There were many varicosities aligned on the nerve fibers like beads. They were also closely related to tumor cells. In the co-culture group, about 63 % and 67 % of DRG co-cultured with esophageal and cardiac tumor blocks respectively extended enormous processes, especially on the side adjacent to the tumor, whereas in the control group (without tumor blocks), no processes grew out. CONCLUSION:Esophageal and cardiac carcinomas may be innervated by peptidergic nerve fibers, and they can induce neurons of DRG to extend processes in vitro.Lü SH, Zhou Y, Que HP, Liu SJ. Peptidergic innervation of human esophageal and cardiac carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2003; 9(3): 399-403

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptidergic innervation of human esophageal and cardiac carcinoma

Zhou²,

Que³

et al. 2003

WJG

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“…Somatostatin has diverse biological effects on cellular function including inhibition of secretory and proliferative processes (2)(3)(4). The various actions of somatostatin are mediated through its specific high affinity receptors (2, 2a, 5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the analogues, octreotide (SMS 201-995), has been approved for the treatment ofendocrine tumors such as pituitary adenoma, pancreatic endocrine tumors, and carcinoid (3,4,11,12). In addition, in vivo autoradiography by intravenous administration of radiolabeled Tyr3-octreotide (SMS 204-090) has made it possible to localize somatostatin receptor-positive tumors and their metastases (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although these somatostatin analogues are useful in the diagnosis and treatment ofendocrine tumors, some tumors have been shown to bear octreotide-or Tyr3-octreotide-insensitive somatostatin receptors, which suggests the presence ofdifferent somatostatin receptor subtypes in endocrine tumors (3,6). We recently have cloned five human somatostatin receptor subtypes (SSTR [1][2][3][4][5],' whose mRNAs are expressed in a tissue-specific manner, indicating that various somatostatin actions are mediated by a family ofstructurally related proteins encoded by distinct genes (13)(14)(15). It is, therefore, important to identify the somatostatin receptor subtypes expressed in various endocrine tumors with regard to diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of somatostatin analogue efficacy in treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Identification of somatostatin receptor subtypes and an implication for the efficacy of somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 in treatment of human endocrine tumors.

Kubota¹,

Yamada²,

Kagimoto³

et al. 1994

J. Clin. Invest.

258

132

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The presence of somatostatin receptors has been demonstrated in various endocrine tumors as well as in normal tissues. We recently have cloned five human somatostatin receptor subtypes (SSTRI-SSTR5). These mRNAs are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. In this study, we have determined the somatostatin receptor subtypes expressed in various endocrine tumors using a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction method. In two cases of glucagonoma and its metastatic lymph nodes in one case, all the SSTR subtype mRNAs except SSTR5 mRNA were expressed. In four cases of insulinoma, SSTR1 and SSTR4 mRNAs were detected, but SSTR2 mRNA was not detected in one case and SSTR3 mRNA was not detected in two cases, indicating a heterogeneous expression of SSTR subtypes in insulinomas. Interestingly, SSTR3 mRNA, which is highly expressed in rat pancreatic islets, is not expressed in normal human pancreatic islets, while SSTR1, SSTR2, and SSTR4 mRNAs are expressed. In three cases of pheochromocytoma, SSTR1 and SSTR2 mRNAs were detected, showing an expression pattern identical to that of normal adrenal gland. In a carcinoid, SSTRI and SSTR4 mRNAs were detected. We have also found that human SSTR2 shows a high affinity for SMS 201-995, which has been used clinically for the treatment of endocrine tumors. Since SMS 201-995 was effective in the treatment of a patient with glucagonoma in which SSTR2 mRNA was present, but had no effect in a patient with carcinoid in which SSTR2 mRNA was not detected, this study suggests that the efficacy of SMS 201-995 may depend, at least in part, on the expression of SSTR2 in tumors. (J. Clin.

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“…Lanreotide has an increased potency for growth hormone inhibition and a prolonged plasma half life compared with the An antiproliferative effect of lanreotide has been shown in vitro on several tumour cell lines. Lanreotide completely inhibited cell proliferation of cultured pancreatic carcinoma cells, breast carcinoma cells and small cell lung carcinoma cells [18]. After subcutaneous injection of octreotide in a non-prolonged release formulation, the peak plasma concentration was at 30 min.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%