Somatostatin 1.1 contributes to the innate exploration of zebrafish larva

Quan, Feng B.; Desban, Laura; Mirat, Olivier; Kermarquer, Maxime; Roussel, Julian; Koëth, Fanny; Marnas, Hugo; Djenoune, Lydia; Lejeune, François‐Xavier; Tostivint, Hervé; Wyart, Claire

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-72039-x

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Pathway analysis of the radiation group suggests exposure reduces the availability of glucose in the GIT, whereas the NetNC results for the torpor + radiation group shows the upregulation of ins, involved in glucose uptake. Additionally, we also noted the upregulation of a fatty acid binding protein (fabp7a) expressed in CNS development [109] as well as the upregulation of sst1.1 which has been observed to inhibit locomotion [110] and may therefore play a role in the reduced activity seen in the torpor model.…”

Section: Network Analysis Of the Radiation And Torpor + Radiation Groups Reveal Differential Regulation Of Radio-resistant Genesmentioning

confidence: 68%

Induced Torpor as a Countermeasure for Low Dose Radiation Exposure in a Zebrafish Model

Cahill

Silveira

Renaud

et al. 2021

Cells

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The development of the Artemis programme with the goal of returning to the moon is spurring technology advances that will eventually take humans to Mars and herald a new era of interplanetary space travel. However, long-term space travel poses unique challenges including exposure to ionising radiation from galactic cosmic rays and potential solar particle events, exposure to microgravity and specific nutritional challenges arising from earth independent exploration. Ionising radiation is one of the major obstacles facing future space travel as it can generate oxidative stress and directly damage cellular structures such as DNA, in turn causing genomic instability, telomere shortening, extracellular-matrix remodelling and persistent inflammation. In the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) this can lead to leaky gut syndrome, perforations and motility issues, which impact GIT functionality and affect nutritional status. While current countermeasures such as shielding from the spacecraft can attenuate harmful biological effects, they produce harmful secondary particles that contribute to radiation exposure. We hypothesised that induction of a torpor-like state would confer a radioprotective effect given the evidence that hibernation extends survival times in irradiated squirrels compared to active controls. To test this hypothesis, a torpor-like state was induced in zebrafish using melatonin treatment and reduced temperature, and radiation exposure was administered twice over the course of 10 days. The protective effects of induced-torpor were assessed via RNA sequencing and qPCR of mRNA extracted from the GIT. Pathway and network analysis were performed on the transcriptomic data to characterise the genomic signatures in radiation, torpor and torpor + radiation groups. Phenotypic analyses revealed that melatonin and reduced temperature successfully induced a torpor-like state in zebrafish as shown by decreased metabolism and activity levels. Genomic analyses indicated that low dose radiation caused DNA damage and oxidative stress triggering a stress response, including steroidal signalling and changes to metabolism, and cell cycle arrest. Torpor attenuated the stress response through an increase in pro-survival signals, reduced oxidative stress via the oxygen effect and detection and removal of misfolded proteins. This proof-of-concept model provides compelling initial evidence for utilizing an induced torpor-like state as a potential countermeasure for radiation exposure.

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Section: Network Analysis Of the Radiation And Torpor + Radiation Groups Reveal Differential Regulation Of Radio-resistant Genesmentioning

confidence: 68%

Induced Torpor as a Countermeasure for Low Dose Radiation Exposure in a Zebrafish Model

Cahill

Silveira

Renaud

et al. 2021

Cells

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“…We used the open-source software ZebraZoom (https://github.com/oliviermirat/ZebraZoom) to track the position of the tail for each frame and extract bouts defined as discrete events when the tail was continuously moving 91,109,110 . The tail angle was defined as the angle between the body axis of the fish and the tip of the tail 91 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional coupling of the mesencephalic locomotor region and V2a reticulospinal neurons driving forward locomotion

Carbó-Tano

Lapoix

Jia

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Locomotion in vertebrates relies on high brain centers converging onto the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR). How the MLR recruits brainstem reticulospinal neurons (RSNs) to initiate locomotion is incompletely understood due to the challenge of recording these cells in vivo. To tackle this question, we leveraged the transparency and genetic accessibility of larval zebrafish. In this model organism, we uncovered the locus of the MLR as a small region dorsal to the locus coeruleus containing glutamatergic and cholinergic neurons. MLR stimulations reliably elicited forward bouts of controlled duration and speed. We find that the MLR elicits forward locomotion by recruiting V2a RSNs in the pontine and retropontine regions, and gradually in the medulla. Remarkably, recruited V2a RSNs in the medulla act as maintain cells encoding speed of forward locomotion. Altogether, our study reveals that the MLR recruits genetically-identified reticulospinal neurons in the medulla to control the kinematics of exploration.

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“…What could be the role of a glial calcium wave in the spinal cord upon AV stimulation? Although glial waves have been associated with motor arrest in the process of giving up (Mu et al, 2019), it is unlikely that it would be the case here as larval zebrafish do not stop swimming after performing an AV escape response (Quan et al, 2020). However, a coordinated glial calcium wave in the spinal cord with an escape response may nonetheless modulate locally locomotor networks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A norepinephrine‐dependent glial calcium wave travels in the spinal cord upon acoustovestibular stimuli

Orts-Del’Immagine

Dhanasekar

Lejeune

et al. 2021

Glia

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Although calcium waves have been widely observed in glial cells, their occurrence in vivo during behavior remains less understood. Here, we investigated the recruitment of glial cells in the hindbrain and spinal cord after acousto-vestibular (AV) stimuli triggering escape responses using in vivo population calcium imaging in larval zebrafish. We observed that gap-junction-coupled spinal glial network exhibits large and homogenous calcium increases that rose in the rostral spinal cord and propagated bi-directionally toward the spinal cord and toward the hindbrain. Spinal glial calcium waves were driven by the recruitment of neurons and in particular, of noradrenergic signaling acting through α-adrenergic receptors. Noradrenergic neurons of the medulla-oblongata (NE-MO) were revealed in the vicinity of where the calcium wave started. NE-MO were recruited upon AV stimulation and sent dense axonal projections in the rostro-lateral spinal cord, suggesting these cells could trigger the glial wave to propagate down the spinal cord. Altogether, our results revealed that a simple AV stimulation is sufficient to recruit noradrenergic neurons in the brainstem that trigger in the rostral spinal cord two massive glial calcium waves, one traveling caudally in the spinal cord and another rostrally into the hindbrain.

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Somatostatin 1.1 contributes to the innate exploration of zebrafish larva

Cited by 11 publications

References 87 publications

Induced Torpor as a Countermeasure for Low Dose Radiation Exposure in a Zebrafish Model

Induced Torpor as a Countermeasure for Low Dose Radiation Exposure in a Zebrafish Model

Functional coupling of the mesencephalic locomotor region and V2a reticulospinal neurons driving forward locomotion

A norepinephrine‐dependent glial calcium wave travels in the spinal cord upon acoustovestibular stimuli

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