Somatosensory perturbations influence cortical activity associated with single-limb balance performance

Sherman, David A.; Lehmann, Tim; Baumeister, Jochen; Grooms, Dustin R.; Norte, Grant E.

doi:10.1007/s00221-021-06260-z

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Recording of brain electrocortical activity has shown the theta power (4-7 Hz) of the EEG in the frontal, central and parietal regions of the cortex to increase when a balance task is challenging [209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216]. The dominant frequencies we have observed in the VGRF spectrum when standing on hard and compliant support are comprised within this range of EEG waves, suggesting a consistent relationship between the two rhythms.…”

Section: Is the Vgrf Rhythm Automatic Or Voluntary?supporting

confidence: 55%

The ‘Postural Rhythm’ of the Ground Reaction Force during Upright Stance and Its Conversion to Body Sway—The Effect of Vision, Support Surface and Adaptation to Repeated Trials

Sozzi

Ghai

Schieppati³

2023

Brain Sciences

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The ground reaction force (GRF) recorded by a platform when a person stands upright lies at the interface between the neural networks controlling stance and the body sway deduced from centre of pressure (CoP) displacement. It can be decomposed into vertical (VGRF) and horizontal (HGRF) vectors. Few studies have addressed the modulation of the GRFs by the sensory conditions and their relationship with body sway. We reconsidered the features of the GRFs oscillations in healthy young subjects (n = 24) standing for 90 s, with the aim of characterising the possible effects of vision, support surface and adaptation to repeated trials, and the correspondence between HGRF and CoP time-series. We compared the frequency spectra of these variables with eyes open or closed on solid support surface (EOS, ECS) and on foam (EOF, ECF). All stance trials were repeated in a sequence of eight. Conditions were randomised across different days. The oscillations of the VGRF, HGRF and CoP differed between each other, as per the dominant frequency of their spectra (around 4 Hz, 0.8 Hz and <0.4 Hz, respectively) featuring a low-pass filter effect from VGRF to HGRF to CoP. GRF frequencies hardly changed as a function of the experimental conditions, including adaptation. CoP frequencies diminished to <0.2 Hz when vision was available on hard support surface. Amplitudes of both GRFs and CoP oscillations decreased in the order ECF > EOF > ECS ≈ EOS. Adaptation had no effect except in ECF condition. Specific rhythms of the GRFs do not transfer to the CoP frequency, whereas the magnitude of the forces acting on the ground ultimately determines body sway. The discrepancies in the time-series of the HGRF and CoP oscillations confirm that the body’s oscillation mode cannot be dictated by the inverted pendulum model in any experimental conditions. The findings emphasise the robustness of the VGRF “postural rhythm” and its correspondence with the cortical theta rhythm, shed new insight on current principles of balance control and on understanding of upright stance in healthy and elderly people as well as on injury prevention and rehabilitation.

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Section: Is the Vgrf Rhythm Automatic Or Voluntary?supporting

confidence: 55%

The ‘Postural Rhythm’ of the Ground Reaction Force during Upright Stance and Its Conversion to Body Sway—The Effect of Vision, Support Surface and Adaptation to Repeated Trials

Sozzi

Ghai

Schieppati³

2023

Brain Sciences

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“…In the tasks in monopodalic orthostasis, the value in the power spectral density (PSD) of a particular electrode has attracted our attention: C4 filtered for the beta band. Looking at the representation of the electrodes on the scalp, the area to which this electrode refers is identified in the literature as Brodmann's area 4, relating to the primary motor cortex [33]; furthermore, we know that the voluntary motor impulses of the contralateral half of the body, in our case, of the left side, are generated from this area [34]. Examining the execution of the task, we could therefore identify a stabilising use of the elevated lower limb; this also involves movements of considerable amplitude made to maintain balance, especially with eyes closed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Electroencephalography: Cortical Responses under Different Postural Conditions

Ivaldi,

Giacometti,

Conversi

2023

Signals

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In this study, the alpha and beta spectral frequency bands and amplitudes of EEG signals recorded from 10 healthy volunteers using an experimental cap with neoprene jacketed electrodes were analysed. Background: One of the main limitations in the analysis of EEG signals during movement is the presence of artefacts due to cranial muscle contraction; the objectives of this study therefore focused on two main aspects: (1) validating a tool capable of decreasing movement artefacts, while developing a reliable method for the quantitative analysis of EEG data; (2) using this method to analyse the EEG signal recorded during a particular motor activity (bi- and monopodalic postural control). Methods: The EEG sampling frequency was 512 Hz; the signal was acquired on 16 channels with monopolar montage and the reference on Cz. The recorded signals were processed using a specifically written Matlab script and also by exploiting open-source software (Eeglab). Results: The procedure used showed excellent reliability, allowing for a significant decrease in movement artefacts even during motor tasks performed both with eyes open and with eyes closed. Conclusions: This preliminary study lays the foundation for correctly recording EEG signals as an additional source of information in the study of human movement.

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Brain activation and single-limb balance following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Sherman

Baumeister

Stock

et al. 2023

Clinical Neurophysiology

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Somatosensory perturbations influence cortical activity associated with single-limb balance performance

Cited by 4 publications

References 58 publications

The ‘Postural Rhythm’ of the Ground Reaction Force during Upright Stance and Its Conversion to Body Sway—The Effect of Vision, Support Surface and Adaptation to Repeated Trials

The ‘Postural Rhythm’ of the Ground Reaction Force during Upright Stance and Its Conversion to Body Sway—The Effect of Vision, Support Surface and Adaptation to Repeated Trials

Quantitative Electroencephalography: Cortical Responses under Different Postural Conditions

Brain activation and single-limb balance following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

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