Somatic growth and gonadal development of Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) fed with diets of different ingredient sources

Lourenço, Sílvia; Cunha, Beatriz; Raposo, Andreia; Neves, Marta; Santos, Pedro; Gomes, Ana; Tecelão, Carla; Ferreira, Susana M. F.; Baptista, Teresa; Gonçalves, Sílvia C.; Pombo, Ana

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736589

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…SGR value in D-0 resulted to be similar to that achieved by Vizzini et al (2018), when testing L. sativa based diet. In D-20, we obtained SGR values comparable to Lourenco et al (2021), who tested similar dietary animal supply (12,5%). Both these SGR values were, however, lower than that observed in D-40 in the present study, suggesting the better suitability of a high amount of animal supply (around 40%) to meet the dietary requirements of sea urchin juveniles.…”

Section: Growth Performancessupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Vegetable and animal ingredients mixed in a formulated diet can, in fact, maximize sea urchin growth performance, reducing time for the production of high-quality marketable gonads (Vizzini et al, 2019). To date, several attempts have been made to obtain a good market product using a balanced mix of vegetable and animal sources, as alternative diets to traditional ones (Vizzini et al, 2015;Sartori and Gaion, 2016;Cirino et al, 2017;Fabbrocini et al, 2019;Raposo et al, 2019;Zupo et al, 2019;Ciriminna et al, 2020;Santos et al, 2020b;Ciriminna et al, 2021;Lourenco et al, 2021). However, as far as we know, only Fernandez and Boudouresque (2000) focused on a comparative investigation of the dietary requirements of the sea urchin during different life stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maize, carrots, and soy, were selected as vegetable ingredients for the diet base due to their complementary profiles in terms of macronutrients (Hammer et al, 2012;Sartori and Gaion, 2016). Fish-meal was chosen as animal supply to be tested among the different life stages because of its large literature background on P. lividus rearing (Fernandez and Boudouresque, 2000;Spirlet et al, 2001;Sartori and Gaion, 2016;Ruocco et al, 2018;Volpe et al, 2018;Fabbrocini et al, 2019;Zupo et al, 2019;Ciriminna et al, 2021;Lourenco et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trophic Requirements of the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus Varies at Different Life Stages: Comprehension of Species Ecology and Implications for Effective Feeding Formulations

et al. 2022

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Investigations on trophic requirements of different life cycle stages of Paracentrotus lividus are crucial for the comprehension of species ecology and for its artificial rearing. The future success of echinoculture depends heavily on the development of suitable and cost-effective diets that are specifically designed to maximize somatic growth during the early life stages and gonadal production in the later stages. In this context, a considerable number of studies have recommended animal sources as supplements in sea urchin diets. However, with the exception of Fernandez and Boudouresque (2000), no studies have investigated the dietary requirements over the different life stages of the sea urchin. In the present study, the growth and nutrition of three life stages of P. lividus (juveniles: 15-25 mm; subadults: 25-35 mm; adults: 45-55 mm) were analyzed over a 4-month rearing experiment. Three experimental diets, with 0%, 20% and 40% of animal sourced enrichments, were tested in parallel in sea urchin three size classes. The food conversion ratio, somatic and gonadal growth were assessed in each condition in order to evaluate the optimal level of animal-sourced supplements for each life stage. A general growth model covering the full post-metamorphic P. lividus life cycle was defined for each condition. During the juvenile stage P. lividus requires higher animal supply (40%), while a feeding requirement shift takes place toward lower animal supply (20%) in sub-adult and adult stages. Our results evidenced that the progressive increase in size after the metamorphosis led to a consequent variation of trophic requirements and food energy allocation in the sea urchin P. lividus. Macronutrient requirements varied widely during the different life stages, in response to changes in the energy allocation from somatic growth to reproductive investment. This study sheds light on P. lividus trophic ecology, broadening our basic knowledge of the dietary requirements of juveniles, sub-adults and adults as a function of their behavior also in the natural environment.

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Section: Growth Performancessupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trophic Requirements of the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus Varies at Different Life Stages: Comprehension of Species Ecology and Implications for Effective Feeding Formulations

et al. 2022

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“…In most previous studies on the effect of dietary protein content on sea urchin gonad production, the concentrations of multiple ingredients were not kept consistent among experimental diets with different protein levels, despite knowledge that the protein source [86] and carbohydrate Protein efficiency for gonad production (%). (i) Gonad protein gain from the beginning to the end of the experiment (g).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modest Dietary Protein Requirement for Sea Urchin Gonad Production Demonstrated by Feeding Trials with Consideration of Protein Leaching

Takagi

Takahashi

Kaneta

et al. 2022

Aquaculture Nutrition

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This study is aimed at revealing the dietary protein requirement for gonad production in the sea urchin Mesocentrotus nudus, with consideration of protein leaching from diets during seawater immersion. Feeding trials were performed on M. nudus using two diet types with low capacities for protein leaching: starch diets (STG) containing 0–40% gluten in 10%, 5%, and 4% increments (experiments 1–3) and alginate diets (ALG) containing 5–25% gluten in 5% increments (experiment 4). The protein content in the diets was determined after they were immersed in seawater for 24 h or 72 h. The gonad indices of urchins fed STG with 11.4–19.3% protein were significantly higher than those fed STG with 7.8% protein. The protein requirement was estimated to be 12% based on a broken-line regression analysis of urchins fed STG in experiments 1–3. In experiment 4, the gonads became larger as dietary protein content increased from 4.5% to 12.0%, and the sizes were similar to those of urchins fed ALG with 12.0–21.1% protein. The estimated value of 12% was much lower than that reported previously (>20%), indicating that the protein requirement for sea urchin gonad production is modest when the protein-leaching problem is addressed.

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“…Most of the Portuguese aquaculture is developed in old salt pans in the central and southern areas of Portugal, while freshwater aquaculture is scattered throughout the northern and central regions. In any case, land-based production in aquaculture recirculating systems (RAS) or in natural systems can be an option to increase the aquaculture production and can be appropriate for some species such as flat fishes, e.g., turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis), or to produce new species such as the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus [3,4] and the sea cucumber Holothuria mammata [5]. However, the limited areas for aquaculture production mean that offshore aquaculture may be seen as a solution for other species rearing.…”

Section: Introduction 1aquaculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential for Coastal and Offshore Aquaculture in Portugal: Insights from Physico-Chemical and Oceanographic Conditions

et al. 2022

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Physico-chemical and biological parameters along the Portuguese coast were analyzed to evaluate the potential to produce aquatic species of economic interest. Water samples were collected in 2018 and 2019 in five different areas of the Portuguese coast. Currents data were collected between 2018 and 2020 and historical waves height data from 1988 to 2019. According to the results, there is a wide variety of species that can be considered for production. The northernmost area presented the lowest temperature, as well as the highest levels of chlorophyll a, and nitrate. Under such conditions, the rearing of salmon Salmo salar, mussel Mytilus edulis, scallop Pecten maximus, macroalgae Porphyra umbilicalis, and Undaria pinnatifida can be considered. Regarding the southernmost area, due to the highest temperature, this area seems appropriate for the production of meager Argyrosomus regius, sea bream Sparus aurata, sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax, and greater amberjack Seriola dumerili. This study highlights the challenges in deploying aquaculture structures on the Atlantic coast due to its oceanographic conditions. Site selection for aquaculture is a complex process and pilot studies are essential to analyze the feasibility of developing offshore aquaculture along the coast of Portugal.

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Somatic growth and gonadal development of Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) fed with diets of different ingredient sources

Cited by 14 publications

References 80 publications

Trophic Requirements of the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus Varies at Different Life Stages: Comprehension of Species Ecology and Implications for Effective Feeding Formulations

Trophic Requirements of the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus Varies at Different Life Stages: Comprehension of Species Ecology and Implications for Effective Feeding Formulations

Modest Dietary Protein Requirement for Sea Urchin Gonad Production Demonstrated by Feeding Trials with Consideration of Protein Leaching

Potential for Coastal and Offshore Aquaculture in Portugal: Insights from Physico-Chemical and Oceanographic Conditions

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