Somatic embryogenesis induced by the simple application of abscisic acid to carrot ( Daucus carota L.) seedlings in culture

Nishiwaki, Morie; Fujino, Kazuo; Koda, Yasunori; Masuda, Kiyoshi; Kikuta, Yoneo

doi:10.1007/s004250000387

Cited by 93 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Analysis of the sequenced Arabidopsis genome revealed that a family of five homologs of the carrot SERK was present. Also in maize and Medicago multiple SERK homologs were found three and five, respectively [5,130]. The Arabidopsis SERKI protein contains all the main protein motifs found in other species [66,72,130,198].…”

Section: Serk Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, SERK was detected during flower development and was highest 10 days after pollination [173]. Homologs of SERK have been discovered in several plant species, which includes Dactylis glomerata [184], Zea mays [5], Medicago truncatula [130], Helianthus annuus [198], Oryza sativa [79], Citrus unshiu [178], Theobroma cacao [169,170], and Solanum tuberosum [177]. Analysis of the sequenced Arabidopsis genome revealed that a family of five homologs of the carrot SERK was present.…”

Section: Serk Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also in maize and Medicago multiple SERK homologs were found three and five, respectively [5,130]. The Arabidopsis SERKI protein contains all the main protein motifs found in other species [66,72,130,198]. Postembryonically, Arabidopsis SERKI is expressed in vascular bundles [66,100] and in developing lateral roots [100].…”

Section: Serk Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The origins of such asexual embryos are quite diverse; e.g., apomictic embryos are derived from an unfertilized egg cell or from maternal tissue. Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is the developmental restructuring of somatic cells toward the embryogenic pathway and forms the basis of cellular totipotency in higher plants [76,130]. While carrot was the first plant species in which SE was reported, during the last 50-plus years of culturing experiments, the induction of in vitro SE has been shown to be successful in many plant species, including angiosperms and gymnosperms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular aspects of somatic-to-embryogenic transition in plants

2009

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Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a model system for understanding the physiological, biochemical, and molecular biological events occurring during plant embryo development. Plant somatic cells have the ability to undergo sustained divisions and give rise to an entire organism. This remarkable feature is called plant cell totipotency. SE is a notable illustration of plant totipotency and involves reprogramming of development in somatic cells toward the embryogenic pathway. Plant growth regularities, especially auxins, are key components as their exogenous application recapitulates the embryogenic potential of the mitotically quiescent somatic cells. It has been observed that there are genetic and also physiological factors that trigger in vitro embryogenesis in various types of plant somatic cells. Analysis of the proteome and transcriptome has led to the identification and characterization of certain genes involved in SE. Most of these genes, however, are upregulated only in the late developmental stages, suggesting that they do not play a direct role in the vegetative-to-embryogenic transition. However, the molecular bases of those triggering factors and the genetic and biochemical mechanisms leading to in vitro embryogenesis are still unknown. Here, we describe the plant factors that participate in the vegetative-to-embryogenic transition and discuss their possible roles in this process.

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Section: Serk Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Serk Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Serk Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular aspects of somatic-to-embryogenic transition in plants

2009

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“…The protuberances form at right angles to the hypocotyl growth axis, suggesting that a new growth polarity is established in the presence of ethylene. Hypocotyl protuberances can also be stimulated when carrot (Daucus carota) seedlings are agitated in the presence of abscisic acid (ABA) and, when agitation ceases, these eventually develop into somatic embryos (Nishiwaki et al, 2000). Stimulation of cell proliferation by ABA alone is at odds with ABA's stimulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor ICK (Wang et al, 1998), which suppresses G1 to S transitions.…”

Section: Altered Cell Division Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Exposure to Ethylene Stimulates Cell Division and Alters the Fate and Polarity of Hypocotyl Epidermal Cells

et al. 2004

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After transient exposure to the gaseous hormone ethylene, dark-grown cucumber (Cucumis sativus) hypocotyls developed unusual features. Upon ethylene's removal, the developing epidermis showed significant increases in cell division rates, producing an abundance of guard cells and trichomes. These responses to ethylene depended on the stage of development at the time of ethylene exposure. In the upper region of the hypocotyl, where cells were least differentiated at the onset of ethylene treatment, complex, multicellular protuberances formed. Further down the hypocotyl, where stomata and trichomes were beginning to develop at the onset of ethylene exposure, an increase in the number of stomata and trichomes was observed. Stomatal complexes developing after the ethylene treatment had a significant increase in the number of stomatal subsidiary cells and the number of cells per trichome increased. Analysis of division patterns in stomatal complexes indicated that exposure to ethylene either suspended or altered cell fate. Ethylene also altered cell division polarity, resulting in aberrant stomatal complexes and branched trichomes. To our knowledge, the results of this study demonstrate for the first time that transient treatment with physiological concentrations of ethylene can alter cell fate and increase the propensity of cells to divide.Ethylene regulates a variety of physiological and biochemical processes in plants, such as fruit ripening, senescence, abscission, sex determination, root initiation, and cell elongation (Abeles et al., 1992). Ethylene also regulates the size and stature of plants in response to various environmental cues (Abeles, 1973;Kieber, 1997). Its effects on dark-grown seedling development, described initially as the triple response, include increased radial growth of the root and stem, reduced root and stem elongation, and abnormal horizontal stem growth (Neljubow, 1901;Knight et al., 1910). The term triple response, as it is now commonly used, includes exaggeration in the curvature of the apical hook instead of abnormal horizontal growth (Bleecker et al., 1988;Guzman and Ecker, 1990 and references therein). The triple response of Arabidopsis has been exploited for characterizing the ethylene signal transduction system by identifying numerous mutants that either phenocopy the triple response in the absence of exogenous ethylene or fail to respond properly to ethylene (Guzman and Ecker, 1990).The dramatic stimulation of radial swelling of stems and roots by ethylene has led to physiological studies and cellular analyses of this phenomenon (Burg and Burg, 1966;Lang et al., 1982;Bleecker et al., 1988;Abeles et al., 1992;Baskin and Williamson, 1992;Kieber, 1997). Depending on the timing of ethylene's application, the physiological condition, seedling age, and the plant species concerned, either promotive (Ku et al., 1970;Lehman et al., 1996;Smalle et al., 1997) or inhibitory (Kieber et al., 1993) effects on organ elongation have been reported. For young developing dicot seedlings, ethylene has ...

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Plant Regeneration – Somatic Embryogenesis

Nolan¹,

Rose²

2010

Plant Cell Culture

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Somatic embryogenesis induced by the simple application of abscisic acid to carrot ( Daucus carota L.) seedlings in culture

Cited by 93 publications

References 23 publications

Molecular aspects of somatic-to-embryogenic transition in plants

Molecular aspects of somatic-to-embryogenic transition in plants

Transient Exposure to Ethylene Stimulates Cell Division and Alters the Fate and Polarity of Hypocotyl Epidermal Cells

Plant Regeneration – Somatic Embryogenesis

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