Somatic Embryogenesis in Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)

Verdeil, Jean Luc; Buffard-Morel, Jacqueline

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03091-2_20

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The increase was only transient, since after 7 days of culture the percentage was 4.9%. This development coincided with the appearance of the first browning symptoms, generally described in coconut leaf tissues on the seventh day (Verdeil and Buffard-Morel 1995). Beyond the seventh day of culture, the percentage of cells in phase G 0 /G 1 and in phase S stabilized around 89% and 4%, respectively The percentage of cells in phase G 2 /M was then at its lowest level (approx.…”

Section: Effect Of In Vitro Culturing Of Immature Coconut Leaves On Tmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…This is essential for coconut palm as this species is highly recalcitrant to regeneration and very slow to respond to in vitro treatment (Georges and Sherrington 1984;Verdeil and Buffard-Morel 1995). Flow cytometry will make possible a rapid observation of the effect of any given treatment and appears to be a useful tool for a more effective monitoring of the meristematic potential of tissues cultured in vitro (key point of in vitro vegetative propagation), as suggested by Yanpaisan et al (1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle in different coconut palm ( Cocos nucifera L.) tissues cultured in vitro

2003

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We conducted a study of the cell cycle of coconut palm tissues cultured in vitro in order to regulate regeneration. Coconut palm is a plant for which it is difficult to monitor the ability of the meristematic cells to actively divide. Cell nuclei were isolated from various types of coconut palm tissues with and without in vitro culture. After the nuclei were stained with propidium iodide, relative fluorescence intensity was estimated by flow cytometry. Characterization of the cell cycle reinforced the hypothesis of a block in the G(0)/G(1) and G(1)/S phases of the coconut cells. A time-course study carried out on immature leaves revealed that this block takes place gradually, following the introduction of the material in vitro. Synchronization of in vitro-cultured leaves cells using 60 micro M aphidicholin revealed an increase in the number of nuclei in the S phase after 108 h of treatment. The significance of these results is discussed in relation with the ability of coconut tissue cultured in vitro to divide.

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Section: Effect Of In Vitro Culturing Of Immature Coconut Leaves On Tmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle in different coconut palm ( Cocos nucifera L.) tissues cultured in vitro

2003

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“…While fl ower parts such as anthers, ovules and ovaries are frequently used as explants for somatic embryogenesis in many plant species, other fl ower parts such as petals and stamens (in particular anther fi laments or staminodes) are only rarely used. Flower parts other than ovules, ovaries and anthers have been shown to be responsive for embryogenesis in Iris species (Jéhan et al, 1994), in Coco nucefera (Verdeil et al, 1995), in Cavendish banana (Navarro et al, 1997), in Lilium logifl orum (Tribulato et al, 1997), and in Citrus (Carimi et al, 1999). In cacao, although somatic embryos have been produced from nucellar tissue (Figueira and Janick, 1993) and leaf explants (Litz, 1986), petal, anther fi lament and staminode explants were more successful maternal tissue (Lopez-Baez et al, 1993;Alemanno et al, 1996aAlemanno et al, , 1996bLi et al, 1998;Sondahl et al, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Carbon Source and Explant Type on Somatic Embryogenesis of Four Cacao Genotypes

Traore¹,

Guiltinan²

2006

HortSci

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The effects of five carbon sources (glucose, fructose, maltose, sorbitol, and sucrose) and two explant types (petals and staminodes) on cacao somatic embryogenesis was studied. No growth was observed on both types of explants cultured on sorbitol containing media and slow growth was obtained on media supplemented with maltose. Depending on the genotype, the percentage of explants producing one or more embryos ranged from 6% to 99%, 18% to 98%, and 3% to 82% on media containing glucose, fructose and sucrose respectively. Explants cultured continuously on maltose or sorbitol-containing media failed to produce embryos. Staminode explants produced 3 to 10 times more somatic embryos than petals. A strong genotypic effect on somatic embryogenesis was observed. Staminode explants of the Forastero clones Laranja and PSUSca 6 produced 2 to 30 times more somatic embryos than the Trinitarios UF 613 and ICS 16. During embryo maturation and conversion, no significant differences were observed among glucose, fructose, maltose, or sucrose for embryo weight, total shoot and root production. However, we found that all plantlets produced on glucose had shoots with normal cacao leaves while the other carbon sources sometimes produced plantlets with cotyledon-like leaves.

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“…Coconut micropropagation studies based on somatic embryogenesis started about 35 years ago, focused mostly on the use of inflorescence explants which have proved to be very recalcitrant (Verdeil and Buffard-Morel, 1995). Alternatively, the Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY) in collaboration with the Imperial College, London (Wye Campus) and L'Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Centre de Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Developpement (IRD/CIRAD, France) using plumule as explants, developed a micropropagation protocol to promote somatic embryogenesis, with an improved efficiency for the formation of calli, embryos and plantlets, the last ones being successfully transferred to ex vitro conditions (Chan et al, 1998;Sáenz et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen Fertility and Female Flower Anatomy of Micropropagated Coconut Palms

et al. 2006

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The increasing demand in México for disease resistant coconut palms (Cocos nucifera L.) requires massive multiplication of improved or selected genotypes. This could be achieved through micropropagation. A reproducible micropropagation protocol via somatic embryogenesis, based on the use of plumule explants has been previously reported. The present study reports the pollen fertility and female flower structure of palms obtained from micropropagation and planted in the field. After two years under nursery conditions and two and half years in the field, the palms showed development of reproductive organs. When compared with sexually propagated palms, there were no differences in the number of inflorescences, number of female flowers and rachillae per inflorescence, pollen grains number, its viability and percentage of germination. Ovary anatomy of micropropagated palms was similar to those of seed palms. This is the first report on coconut micropropagated palms that reached sexual maturity in the field. These results show the potential of coconut micropropagation to produce true-to-type palms.

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Somatic Embryogenesis in Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle in different coconut palm ( Cocos nucifera L.) tissues cultured in vitro

Flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle in different coconut palm ( Cocos nucifera L.) tissues cultured in vitro

Effects of Carbon Source and Explant Type on Somatic Embryogenesis of Four Cacao Genotypes

Pollen Fertility and Female Flower Anatomy of Micropropagated Coconut Palms

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