Somatic embryogenesis from stamen filaments of Aesculus flava Sol. and peroxidase activity during the transition from friable to embryogenic callus

Zdravković-Korać, Snežana; Tubić, Ljiljana; Devrnja, Nina; Ćalić﻿﻿﻿, Dušica; Milojević, Jelena; Milić, Maja; Savić﻿﻿﻿, Jelena

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2018.12.021

Cited by 5 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The increase in activity in the ECs could be due to the fact that POXs have an important role during the formation of embryo cell walls [ 59 ]. In a proteomic analysis of the ECs and NECs in maize, Varhaníková et al [ 60 ] suggested that increased POX activity correlated with the acquisition of regeneration capacity. However, there are opposite examples, where the reduction in POX activity typified ECs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peroxidase Enzyme Fractions as Markers of Somatic Embryogenesis Capacities in Olive (Olea europaea L.)

Oulbi

Kohaich

Baaziz

et al. 2021

Plants

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As part of the search for biochemical markers of somatic embryogenesis in tissue cultures of olive (Olea europaea L.), peroxidases (POXs) in both the soluble and ionically wall-bound fractions were studied in two reputed olive cultivars (cvs.): “Picholine Marocaine” and “Dahbia”. In order to carry out embryogenesis induction, proximal cotyledons were cultured in modified olive medium (OMc) supplemented with 25 μM indole-3-butylic acid (IBA) and 2.5 μM 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP), while distal leaf fragments (somatic explants) were cultured in OMc supplemented with 4.56 µM zeatin riboside (ZR) and 10.25 µM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Regarding embryogenic potentials, the zygotic explants (cv. Picholine Marocaine: 43.39%; cv. Dahbia: 53.41%) were more regenerative than the somatic explants (cv. Picholine Marocaine: 13.05%; cv. Dahbia: 19.51%). The enzyme assay showed a higher POX activity in embryogenic calluses (ECs) than in nonembryogenic calluses (NECs) for the zygotic explants in both studied cultivars. When expressed as units per milligram of proteins (U mg−1 proteins), the highest total POXs activities (soluble POXs + ionically wall-bound POXs) were found in the ECs derived from the zygotic explants; for cv. Dahbia, 65% of the enzyme activities came from the ionically wall-bound fractions. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the ECs of the highly active cv. Dahbia were characterized by highly active isoperoxidases that were revealed in four migration zones, particularly a doublet in the A4 zone (Rf 0.70–0.73) present in the ionically wall-bound POXs. The fast-moving anodic POXs of the ionically wall-bound fractions could be adopted as an early electrophoretic test to determine the embryogenesis capacities in olive tissue culture materials. As biochemical markers, the POX enzyme and its profile in fractions, i.e., as soluble POXs and ionically wall-bound POXs, can offer a valuable tool for improving the tissue culture of olive via somatic embryogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peroxidase Enzyme Fractions as Markers of Somatic Embryogenesis Capacities in Olive (Olea europaea L.)

Oulbi

Kohaich

Baaziz

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…The callusing and regeneration were rapid and profuse on explants cultivated in darkness, whereas photoperiod conditions suppressed differentiation. This adverse effect of light is thought provoking, although darkness-promoting somatic embryogenesis [ 39 ], bulblet regeneration [ 40 ] and rooting [ 41 ] have been previously observed. It was also proved that early exposure to light can prevent callus formation and decrease adventitious shoot regeneration [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sourcing and Propagation of Pontechium maculatum for Horticulture and Species Restoration

Nowak

Sitek

Augustynowicz

2020

Biology

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Pontechium maculatum, a species of ornamental, apicultural, health and medicinal value, is threatened in some Central European countries including Poland. Its propagation using seeds or in vitro techniques is needed for multiple applications including conservation. Generative propagation efficacy of P. maculatum plants representing different genetic resources (received from botanical gardens in Germany and in Poland) propagated from seeds or in tissue culture was assessed. Moreover, an efficient technique of propagation of P. maculatum using in vitro shoot culture from seedlings was elaborated for the first time. The highest propagation efficacy was noted for German plants of seed origin. The ability of seeds to germinate was similar for all plants; however, seeds were in a state of dormancy, which was broken by GA3. After two years of storage, the seeds still retained the ability to germinate though seeds from propagated in vitro plants germinated more poorly than those from seed-originated plants. The ploidy assessment showed that some in vitro-origin plants had altered DNA content. The results indicate that efficacy of generative propagation of P. maculatum is resource dependent. Furthermore, results suggest that cultivation in vitro influenced some generative features of examined species, which makes this way of P. maculatum propagation a valuable source of genetic variation and a potential breeding tool.

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“…Aesculus species are prone to somatic embryogenesis, thus it is not surprising that somatic embryogenesis was successfully achieved with almost all horse chestnut plant organs used as initial explants: stamen filaments [76][77][78], immature zygotic embryos [77,79], seedling's primary leaves [80] and cotyledons [81], and stem [82] and bark fragments [83] isolated from young terminal branches of adult trees. Somatic embryogenesis was also initiated from stems [84] and shoots [85] of A. glabra, stamen filaments of A. flava [86] and A. carnea [87], shoots and roots of 4-week-old seedlings and shoots of a 30-year-old tree of a hybrid A. x arnoldiana [85]. In all the studies, somatic embryogenesis was induced indirectly through a callus phase, with the exception of stamen filaments of A. hippocastanum, in which SEs regenerated directly from filaments in 10% of the explants, while in the remaining 90% of the explants SEs regenerated indirectly from embryogenic callus [77].…”

Section: Somatic Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In A. flava, combinations of 1, 5 or 10 µM 2,4-D with 0, 1, 5 or 10 µM Kin were tested in order to determine the most efficient combination of these PGRs for callus induction and subsequent SE regeneration from filament explants [86]. In contrast to horse chestnut filaments [78,88], 2,4-D as a sole PGR was not sufficient to trigger efficient callus induction in A. flava [86]. At the highest tested concentration, 10 µM 2,4-D without Kin, only 36% of the explants produced small calli (that remained non-embryogenic throughout the duration of the experiment).…”

Section: Initiation Of Embryogenic Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For all 2,4-D/Kin combinations, the frequencies of callus formation reached 100%. However, the highest callus yield, SE regeneration frequency and mean SE number per explant were attained when the filament explants were cultivated on medium supplemented with 1 µM 2,4-D + 10 µM Kin [86]. The most important steps in SE induction from filaments of A. flava are shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Initiation Of Embryogenic Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tissue Culture Response of Ornamental and Medicinal Aesculus Species—A Review

Zdravković-Korać

Milojević

Belić

et al. 2022

Plants

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Species of the genus Aesculus are very attractive woody ornamentals. Their organs contain numerous health‑promoting phytochemicals. The most valuable of them—aescin—is used in commercial preparations for the treatment of venous insufficiency. The industrial source of aescin is horse chestnut seeds because the zygotic embryos are the main site of its accumulation. Horse chestnut somatic and zygotic embryos contain similar amount of aescin, hence somatic embryos could be exploited as an alternative source of aescin. Somatic embryogenesis, androgenesis and de novo shoot organogenesis were successfully achieved in several Aesculus species, as well as secondary somatic embryogenesis and shoot organogenesis, which enables mass production of embryos and shoots. In addition, an efficient method for cryopreservation of embryogenic tissue was established, assuring constant availability of the plant material. The developed methods are suitable for clonal propagation of elite specimens selected as the best aescin producers, the most attractive ornamentals or plants resistant to pests and diseases. These methods are also useful for molecular breeding purposes. Thus, in this review, the medicinal uses and a comprehensive survey of in vitro propagation methods established for Aesculus species, as well as the feasibility of in vitro production of aescin, are presented and discussed.

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Somatic embryogenesis from stamen filaments of Aesculus flava Sol. and peroxidase activity during the transition from friable to embryogenic callus

Cited by 5 publications

References 77 publications

Peroxidase Enzyme Fractions as Markers of Somatic Embryogenesis Capacities in Olive (Olea europaea L.)

Peroxidase Enzyme Fractions as Markers of Somatic Embryogenesis Capacities in Olive (Olea europaea L.)

Sourcing and Propagation of Pontechium maculatum for Horticulture and Species Restoration

Tissue Culture Response of Ornamental and Medicinal Aesculus Species—A Review

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