Somatic-Cell Mutation Monitoring System Based on Human Hemoglobin Mutants

The human beta-globin locus activation region alters the developmental fate of a human fetal globin gene in transgenic mice.

“…Single-cell suspensions of liver or peripheral blood were divided into three aliquots. One aliquot was used to prepare cytological smears for labeling with anti-y-globin monoclonal antibodies (24). Another Blood and fetal liver samples were analyzed for the presence of human A.y-globin mRNA by RNase protection mapping with a probe that protects exons 1 and 2 of the globin message (Fig.…”

“…The cellular distribution of y-globin production was investigated by staining cytocentrifuge-prepared cellular spreads of fetal liver and blood cells with fluorescent-conjugated monoclonal antibodies specific for the human fetal globin chain (24). The results shown in Fig.…”

Somatic Cell Gene Mutations in Humans: Biomarkers for Genotoxicity

“…Although the concept of monitoring in vivo somatic mutations by studying changes in Hb came first, an automated assay for actually scoring mutants was only recently developed (2,3). By far, most studies of in vivo mutations detected as RBC changes have used the GPA assay.…”

Direct and indirect flow cytomyetric enumeration of 6‐thioguanine‐resistant human peripheral blood lymphocytes

“…The affected state can be detected in single cells by methods that differentiate variants from normal cells (25,38,50,65). Erythrocytes containing structurally altered hemoglobin have been enumerated using fluorescent markers.…”

“…Erythrocytes containing structurally altered hemoglobin have been enumerated using fluorescent markers. These markers are fluorescent monoclonal antibodies against specific mutant structures in the hemoglobin chains reflecting single base substitutions and frameshifts (17)(18)(19)38,(50)(51)(52). The specificity of raised antibodies enables the detection of aberrant red blood cells in a frequency of lop7 altered cells among phenotypically normal cells.…”