Somaclonal and Gametoclonal Variation

Evans, David A.; Sharp, W. R.; Medina-Filho, H. P.

doi:10.2307/2443467

Cited by 177 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…Reports of variation in tissue cultured plants (see Evans et al [4] for a recent review) suggest the possibility for selecting somaclonal variants of elm through callus or shoot tip culture. Organogenesis is usually selected against in preference for axiUary shoot proliferation in woody plant systems, and most studies mention the high fidelity of tissue cultured material rather than the potential for variation [8,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro organogenesis from shoot tip, internode, and leaf explants of Ulmus x ?Pioneer?

Fink

Sticklen

Lineberger

et al. 1986

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Shoot tip explants of the hybrid cultivar 'Pioneer' responded poorly to initial attempts to establish shoot proliferating cultures on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2 or 4/zM benzyladenine (BA) with a four week subculture interval. A combination of weekly subcultures and an MS medium containing 2 /zM BA produced shoot proliferating cultures sufficient for micropropagation. Shoot organogenesis was obtained when callus derived from internodes of actively elongating shoots was transferred from a primary medium containing various cytokinins to a secondary medium containing MS salts and 10 #M BA. These small shoots elongated when transferred to a medium containing 2.5 /zM BA. Adventitious shoots also differentiated on leaf tissue of 'Pioneer' elm. These shoots appeared to differentiate with little if any intervening callus from the margins of leaves of in vitro grown shoots where these leaves touched the medium (MS medium containing 2/~M BA). Tissue cultured shoots from all sources were rooted, acclimated, and transplanted to the greenhouse or field with good success.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro organogenesis from shoot tip, internode, and leaf explants of Ulmus x ?Pioneer?

Fink

Sticklen

Lineberger

et al. 1986

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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“…In seaweeds, haploid cultures depend only on the type of explant (garnetophyte) chosen. Thus, exploitation of recessive information, haploid somatic recombination and gametoclonal variation (somaclonal variation in haploid cells, Evans et al, 1984), can be readily employed as can the production of fully-homozygous cells and plants by colchicine treatment or by spontaneous chromosome doubling. All such characteristics (haploid culture, gametoclonal variation, chromosome doubling) have been demonstrated and utilized for Laminaria-improvement programs (Fang, 1984;Wu & Lin, 1988).…”

Section: Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actual, potential and speculative applications of seaweed cellular biotechnology: some specific comments on Gelidium

et al. 1991

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Cellular biotechnology is a promising application in the propagation and selection of superior strains of seaweeds. Although axenic cultures, organogenetic tissue cultures, vegetative micro-propogation, callus induction and high yields of agar from calli have been described for several species of Gelidium, a number of basic problems remain to be solved. These include standardized methods for obtaining axenic cultures, identification of requirements for organic nutrients, PGR's, cellular disorganization and reorganization, somaclonal variation and somatic incompatibilities. Future progress in seaweed biotechnology will depend on the resolution of many of these problems.

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“…Part of this interest concerns the breeding potentials of somaclonal variation, which is often used as a term for the phenotypic variation in somatic cells found in vitro which may be generated by culturing cells or tissues without the deliberate use of chemical or physical mutagens (Larkin and Scowcroft 1981;Evans et al 1984). In a stricter sense (Scowcroft 1986) somaclonal variation is described as the variation observed among plants regenerated from (p. 218) or during (p. 220) tissue cultures.…”

Section: B Somaclonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vitro techniques provide much additional information about mutagenic events. The increasing number of crops in which vegetative in vitro propagation is feasible and the frequency of genetic variation observed in such materials have led to a renewed interest in possible new shortcuts in plant breeding using somaclonal mutations (Evans et al 1984). Genetic instability in vitro was observed in the early years of applying this technique, but was mostly considered a nuisance, especially in programs which use cell or tissue culture for long-term preservation of vegetatively propagated material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%