“…These methods take advantage of various strategies; some utilizing relaxation approaches (Wright et al, 1989 and1991) and others employing extreme point search techniques and embedded network procedures (Balinski, 1961;Kuhn and Baumol, 1961;Denzler, 1964;Dwyer, 1966;Cooper and Drebes, 1967;Cooper, 1975;Walker, 1976;Stienberg, 1970 andShetty, 1990;Diaby, 1991;Khang and Fujiwara, 1991;Sun and McKeown, 1993;Gottlieb and Eckert, 2002;Adlakha and Kowalski, 2003). A notable metaheuristic approach, a tabu search method by Sun et al (1998), has established itself as the best method for solving a collection of fixed-charge transportation network problems that constitutes the largest body of randomly generated problems in the literature.…”