Solvents for Extracting Nicotine from Aqueous Solutions

Nicotine and Carbonyl Emissions From Popular Electronic Cigarette Products: Correlation to Liquid Composition and Design Characteristics

“…In the first step of extraction, toluene showed a 90% extraction efficiency of Nic, in agreement with literature reports. 35,50 Using the Hendersen-Haaselbach equation, the calculated dissociation factor of NicH + in the remaining solutions of 10% Nic and total NicH + was found to be <0.1%. Considering the initial conditions of nicotine in the sample set, re-equilibration between Nic and NicH + in the sample extract introduces negligible measurement error.…”

Extraction and High Purification of Nicotine from Iraqi Tobacco Leaf Formanufacturing, Pharmaceutical, and Medicinal Uses

“…The solvent system, pH and temperature and time is a critical points in extraction efficiency of nicotine, chloroform -aqueous system have a good extraction ratio because the highest distribution coefficient between the two solvents, nicotine trend to dissolved in aqueous solvent whenever pH 3 or less and temp 25 or less than, vice versa nicotine dissolved in organic solvent at pH above 9 or higher and temp above 25 o C. The purity of nicotine rose from 16.43% to 99% after converting crude nicotine to its esters (nicotine bitartarate) 16 .…”

Solvent Extraction

“…Those systems for which substantially complete ternary equilibria were obtained are listed in Table I. Additional distribution coefficients for various solute-solvent systems were determined as follows: acetic acid between water and ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl propionate, and ethyl butyrate (243); acetic and butyric acids between water and isophorone or o-cresol (224); penicillin between water and butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and trichloroethylene as a function of pH (257); acetylacetone between benzene and water (210); acetic, citric, tartaric, and glycolic acids between water and tributyl phosphate as a function of temperature (188); a number of methyl-substituted pyridine» and quinolines between cyclohexane or chloroform and water or citrate-phosphate buffer (90); uranyl nitrate between water and ethyl, butyl, amyl, and isopropyl acetates, methyl ethyl and1 methyl isobutyl ketones, and n-butyl, isobutyl, and isoamyl alcohols and isobutyl methyl carbinol (129); iodine between carbon tetrachloride and aqueous potassium iodide (136); some 150 organic compounds of various types between water and isobutyli alcohol (46); and nicotine between water and a variety of solvents as a function of temperature (9). Equilibrium distribution measurements served as a means of studying other phenomena: the exchange of CN between Ni(CN)4…”