Solvent impregnated resins for the treatment of aqueous solutions containing different compounds: a review

Abstract

In this review paper, a complete study and analysis of the research articles dealing with the removal of various organic and inorganic pollutants using solvent impregnated resins (SIR) is carried out. The method of impregnation, characterizations of prepared resin, and regeneration techniques of different SIRs for batch and continuous fixed bed columns are presented. The effects of different operating parameters (e.g., loading of solvent on the resin, dosage of adsorbent, initial solute concentration, pH, temperature, time, ionic strength) on the separation efficiency of SIR in the batch mode are discussed. Thermodynamic parameters (change in Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy) are tabulated from the data available in the literature, and if not given, then their values are calculated and presented. The influence of parameters (flow rate, bed height, pH, concentration of the solution, etc.) on the fixed bed column performance is analyzed. Design aspects of the column are also discussed, and the dimensions of fixed bed columns for industrial applications are proposed.

Direct Extraction of Sodium Hydroxide by Calix[4]pyrrole-Based Ion-Pair Receptors

“…Therefore, an alternative approach was sought. Solvent-impregnated resins (SIRs), wherein an extractant is immobilized onto a polymeric support via hydrophobic interactions, can provide an effective means of avoiding third phase formation, and have seen applications in both sensing and separations. − We thus physically immobilized receptors cis - 2 and trans - 2 onto macroporous poly­(styrene) resin Amberlite XAD4 (denoted as PS hereafter) via solvent impregnation . When 15 mg of PS was exposed to 3 mg of receptors in 5 vol % (v/v) of acetonitrile ACN/H 2 O at 60 °C for 1 h, the resins underwent a color change from opaque to amber (Figure inset).…”

Adsorption of heavy metal onto biomass-derived activated carbon: review

“…For example, divalent ions are more easily adsorbed than monovalent ions. 63 Common inorganic adsorbents include alumina and zeolite, which have the characteristics of rich reserves and low price. Alumina is made by heating and dehydration of aluminum hydrate, whose properties depend on the structural state of initial hydroxide.…”

Treatment of Reactive Dyes Using Amberlite Resin Functionalized with Amine‐Based Solvent – Batch and Continuous Studies

“…The solute molecules get separated from the aqueous medium by physical adsorption and exchanging ions with the solvent or the solid material. Many studies reported that SIR is highly effective in removing different components like heavy metals, rare earths, carboxylic acids, and toxic compounds [18].…”