Solvent free lipase catalyzed synthesis of butyl caprylate

Abstract

The ester, butyl caprylate has wide applications in commercial market and it also possesses characteristic fruity flavor. The work exhibits the effect of various reaction parameters and the optimization study for the synthesis of butyl caprylate in presence of bio-catalyst. To achieve maximum conversion the optimum parameters thus established include; temperature 60 • C, mole ratio of caprylic acid and butanol as 1:2, lipase loading 2% (w/v), 250 rpm speed of agitation and 4g of molecular sieves. The immobilized enzyme was also recycled and reused for 7 cycles with only 30% loss from its initial activity. The thermodynamic parameters at different temperatures were also determined. The esterification was conducted successfully with 92% as maximum conversion in 5 h in a stirred batch reactor under solvent free system and in presence of molecular sieves that was used to adsorb water formed in reaction.

Novozym 435: the “perfect” lipase immobilized biocatalyst?

“…59 In another paper, the esterification of employing a stirred batch reactor catalyzed by N435 (yield was 92%). 266 N435 was used to study the thermodynamics in the esterification of succinic acid with ethanol. 267 More than 95% citronellyl palmitate ester from palmitic acid was produced by esterification catalyzed by N435 using hexane as a solvent.…”

Profiling of Primary Metabolites and Volatile Determinants in Mahlab Cherry (Prunus mahaleb L.) Seeds in the Context of Its Different Varieties and Roasting as Analyzed Using Chemometric Tools

“…Generally, monoglycerides act as emulsifiers, yielding a more stable air-dispersed baked cake with a fairly soft crumb [ 27 ]. Another acyl ester of potential flavor described as fruity is n-butylcaprylate, detected at maximal levels in roasted red mahlab, “RRE” (6.5%), which is used in various foodstuffs, further rationalizing how roasting improves mahlab flavor [ 28 ].…”

Enzymatic synthesis of cinnamyl propionate from cinnamyl alcohol and propionic acid in a solvent free condition

“…Also, the reaction mixture converted to muddy at higher agitation speed, which indicates that enzyme was physically damaged at higher speed and lost its activity; sometimes, the enzymes splashes towards the wall of the reactor and damages the enzymes at a higher speed. Similar results were stated for the enzymatic synthesis of butyl caprylate ester with 92% conversion obtained for 60 °C after 5 h, at 2% (w/v) catalyst Effect of agitation speed on conversion of cinnamyl propionate: reaction conditions: molar ratio 1:3, temperature 60 °C, total volume is 23.08 mL, enzyme loading 2% (w/v), and molecular sieves 6% (w/v) loading, 1:2 molar ratios of caprylic acid and n-butanol, and agitation speed as 250 rpm [25]. Hence, the 200 rpm stirring speed was selected as optimum for the synthesis of ester cinnamyl propionate in solvent free system keeping all other parameters constant.…”