Solvent extraction of palladium(II) from acidic chloride solutions using tri-octyl/decyl ammonium chloride (Aliquat 336)

Abstract

In this study, the effect of different operating conditions including on the extraction of palladium (II) from HCl solution by using tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336)/kerosene was evaluated at 25˚C. Different stripping reagents such as AlCl 3 , KCl, NaCl, NH 4 Cl, HCl, and thiourea were evaluated. The results indicate that the mixture of chloride and thiourea would lead to the highest stripping conversion for palladium (II) (i.e. >99%). The extraction distribution ratios were found to increase with the increase in the extractant concentration and decrease with the concentration of chloride ion. In addition, the compositions of palladium complexes in organic phase and equilibrium constant of recovered extraction reaction were estimated. Furthermore, the recovery efficiency of palladium(II) in acidic chloride solution was performed and compared.

Recycling of Palladium from Spent Catalysts Using Solvent Extraction—Some Critical Points

“…The commercial compounds mostly used for Pd(II) recovery by SX are amines, for instance Alamine 300 [9], Alamine 308 [10], Alamine 336 [11], and quaternary ammonium salts, e.g., Aliquat 336 [12]. These extractants have been employed individually or mixed with solvating extractants like tri-n-butylphosphate (TBP) [10,13], tri-n-octylphosphate (TOP), or methylisobutylketone (MIBK) [13].…”

Removal of hexavalent chromium from wastewater using supported liquid membrane: synthesis of chromium‐iron complex through electrochemical reaction

“…Di‐sodium ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid (a.k.a Na 2 ‐EDTA), used in the previously reported work (Mondal and Saha, 2018), does not have electrolytic property. Hence, four types of strip phase solutions such as H 2 SO 4 (Reddy et al , 2006; Chaudry et al , 2007), NH 4 Cl (Lee et al , 2010; Peng and Tsai, 2014), NaCl (Choi and Moon, 2005; Peng and Tsai 2014) and NaOH (Huang et al , 1998; Venkateswaran and Palanivelu, 2005; Chiha et al , 2006; Goyal et al , 2011; Kumar et al , 2019) have been tried to find the better one suited for our purpose. The concentration of strip solution in each case was maintained at 0.1 M. The reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and subsequent precipitation as chromium‐iron hydroxide were possible in case of NH4Cl and NaCl with 14.53 and 21.17% efficiency respectively.…”

Palladium(II) and N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-dicyclohexylthiodiglycolamide – The extracted species from concentrated chloride solutions

“…[11][12][13]. On the other hand, the lability of the [PdCl 4 ] 2-species allows the replacement of chloride ions coordinating Pd(II) by organic molecules, thus resulting in the production of Pd(II) inner-sphere complexes.…”